
Class __" 67 

Bnnlc Ab Lj 
Copyright N° 

COPYRIGHT DEPOSrt 



LITURGY 



FOR 



Christian Congregations 

OF THE 

LUTHERAN FAITH 



BY 

WILLIAM LOEHE. 



THIRD EDITION EDITED BY 

J. DEINZER, 

Inspector of the Missionary Institute at Neuendettlesau. 



TRANSLATED BY 

The Rev. F. C. LONGAKER, A. M. 

With an Introduction by 

The Rev. Edward T. Horn, D. D. 



NEWPORT, KY. 
190?. 






TWF f IBAAKY OF 
C( NGrtESS, 

MAR. 10 1902 

CLASS O'XXo. N» 

copy a. 



CONTENTS. 

Pages. 



\ Oy Translator's Preface VII 



Introduction VIII. 



From the Preface to the First Edition.... IX— XVI. 

Church Festivals i- 5. 

■ Breviary for the Use of the Pastor 6 — 13. 

The Orders of Public Worship : 

A. The Communion or Morning Service 14 — 37. 

Notes on the Individual Parts 38—46. 

B. Order of Morning Service 47-56. 

Supplement 57—60. 

C. Introits, Etc 61—64. 

D. Orders of other Services : 

I. Order of Catechization 65 — 71. 

II. Matins and 'Vespers 72 — 84. 

E. Prayers for the Various Services : 

I. The Litany 85-94. 

II. The Suffrages 95 — 106. 

III. The Diaconal Prayers 107 — 117. 

IV. Festival Prayers 118 — 150. 

Appendix 151 — 157. 



TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. 

Loehe's Agende needs no apology. It has long served our 
German brethern as a guide in liturgical practices. Its con- 
tents are in harmony with the Scriptures and differ in no 
essential point from the usages of the early Lutheran 
Church. In fact, it is one of the main purposes of this book 
to explain and amplify those usages, so that the Church of 
the present ma}' know and understand those forms of devo- 
tion which the wisdom of the fathers saw fit to introduce. 
Early in the ministry of the Translator a copy of Loehe's 
Agende fell into his hands. From that time until now it 
has not ceased to be of service to him in the conduct of 
divine worship. The help which he personally derived from 
the book, as well as the earnest solicitation of several of his 
friends, moved him to undertake this translation. Consci- 
ous, as he is that his work is far from perfect, he neverthe- 
less believes that the thought and language of the sainted 
author have been faithfully reproduced. 

It is, however, necessary to say here that the Introits and 
Collects have been omitted from the translation. These are 
the same as those given in existing Church Books, except 
that Loehe adds a Versicle to the Introit. The Litany also 
has been omitted, because the Editor of the third edition 
made use of the form given in the American Church Book. 
The Prayers for the Daily Services are largely from Loehe's 
Samenkoerner, just translated by the Reverend H. A. 
Weller of Orwigsburg, Pa. The remaining chapters of the 
first part are all translated. The second part, consisting of 
Ministerial Acts, will be issued in a separate volume. 

Grateful acknowledgment is due to the Reverend Edward 
T. Horn, D. D., Reading, Pa., for a review of the Ms., and 
for the Introduction. 

And now may the great Head of the Church use this work 
for the promotion of His worship and praise, to whom be 
glory in the Church throughout all ages. Amen. 

THE TRANSLATOR. 
Newport, Ky., Advent, MDCCCCI. 



INTRODUCTION. 

Wiuiklm LC * mine of information to 

the student of Liturgies. The third edition, from which 
this translation has been made,* -in- 

law, Inspector Deinzer. It i rical notes 

which Loehe added to hia ition, and tribute 

to the liturgical I ri " 

can Church by open use of the A MCk of the 

ueral Council. It supplies a vain 
Common Service, showing ho 
duces the standard Lutheran Litui :ve 

and deli th which it d 

essential from th ntal and 

nfine him he 

found in the Lutheran & ' 1 >' 

fitted to revive Luthe faithful 

Btudy and d< 

but 

to by hia familiarity with tl 
Nuremberg, it « of 

tin th Century b] J but dii 

Reformation forms, and ' nl 

the Lutheran, ami indeed the Western, Lit 

of the i • Church* 

A literal translation 

possible, K 

idioms ^\ common worship nr. 

moulded and wrought and worn in the lil ;>le. 

This translation. I± 

Service into the hands 

Simply to make known 1. 

the worship of our fat* WAXD T. H< 

Reading, P 



FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST 
EDITION. 

— The Lutheran Liturgy is au outgrowth from the Ro- 
man. The Lutheran Church itself is not a new building, 
but the old, cleansed from unauthorized additions. For 
more than three centuries the Church has advanced no new 
doctrines, but on the contrary has been purifying the old 
systems from added perversions. In a liturgical way, like- 
wise, no new path has been marked out ; but after the 
removal of inexpedient innovations, that which has proved 
valuable from the beginning has been preserved. It is 
for this reason that our Church possesses in common with 
the Roman the principal parts of the Communion Service. 
For the same reason it was possible for the framers of the 
Augustana to assert: — "Nor has any perceptible change 
t£.ken place in the public ceremonies of the mass." Also : 
— "It is well known that the mass is, without boasting, 
celebrated with greater devotion and sincerity among us 
than among our adversaries." If any one is inclined to 
charge this Order with a Romanizing tendency, the same 
must then be brought against every Lutheran Order, if 
not against the whole Church. It would, how 7 ever ; be 
more correct to say, that the Romish Church had a tendency 
to Catholicize in those parts of the Liturgy which it holds 
in common w T ith us, because in those parts the Romish 
Church stands high above its own standard, and agrees 
with that which is truly universal. 

Further I say, and without fear of contradiction, that 
Constitutions and Organizations, Liturgies and Ceremo- 

IX 



X FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. 

nies, valuable in the service of the truth as they may be, 
do not in the real sense constitute the Church. From 
these the Church does not derive its life; they are fruits 
of its life, but not its source. It is gratifying to the enemy, 
and humiliating to the devout, to see many over-estimate 
the value of externals, thus going the way to Rome. In 
their insistence on externals they forget the great word of 
the Augustana, for our times perha: rd of 

that document, viz., the immortal 

the true unity of the Church, tl iched 

therein according to its pure intent and i I that 

the Sacraments art* administered in conformity with the 
Word of God. And for the true unity of the Chi: 
Church it is not o< that uniform 

tuted by men, should be everywfa 

which the 
Almighty has pronounced on all who mal 

arm, and who want t<> m ;e up ou 

The holy Church 
oi ( v Tod i> a miracl 

itself perpetually indc: 
Sacrament. 

Constitutions and Liturj : but in 

preparing them for the use of the Church, it becomes us to 

everywhere for that which i> edifying and conn:, 
able. "All things 
true, what 
are just, whatsover things are | ver thin — 

ever thil 
any virtue, if there be any praise, think on these thil 

To show my meaning, 1 point to the Roman Liturf 
They are perverted in I me, but in the midst of the 

•'wood, hay and stubble." the n 
of a truly Christian consciousness are to be found. S 



FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XI 

of the old prayers cannot be changed, whether in form or 
substance, and will always remain adequate as expressions 
of the devotion of the people of God. In retaining their 
use, it can truly be said that the Romish Church has a 
Catholicizing tendency ; and to free them from the rubbish 
found in other parts of the Roman missal is an undertak- 
ing worthy of the Lutheran liturgist. These prayers 
belong to a Lutheran Order as properly as the Introits, 
Kyrie, Gloria et in terra, Creed, etc., all of which we have 
received through the channels of Rome. I have, however, 
refrained from using anything in this Liturgy which is 
not already found in one or the other of the many old 
Lutheran Orders. For the sake of the weak caution has 
been observed in this work. Nevertheless in the prepara- 
tion of the Second Part, e. g., in the Orders for the Visita- 
tion of the Sick and the Commendation of the Dying, for 
.which our Orders have hitherto made little provision, I 
have availed myself of some prayers from the Pontificale 
Romanum, but only of those which I found liturgically 
complete. 

A close examination of this Liturgy must convince 
everyone that it is constructed on that which is funda- 
mentally necessary for the right conduct of public worship. 

In public worship the Church experiences an especial 
nearness to God; she approaches into the very presence 
of the Bridegroom, and tastes the blessedness of Heaven 
even here below. Public worship is the prettiest flower 
that can bloom on human stems. The Order or Liturgy in 
which this worship is expressed ought therefore to be the 
image of the inner unity and harmony of the spiritual 
life — an ecclesiastical aesthetic in concrete form. In the 
Church's inner life, as well as in the public expression of 
her worship, Word and Sacrament constitute the center. 
Like waves of the sea, breaking and falling upon the 



XII FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. 

rocks, the various forms of the Liturgy must be determined 
by this central point; they cannot be arbitrarily chosen, 
but must be ordered and arranged accordiug to the rela- 
tion which they bear to Word and Sacrament. This center 
determines the steps in the Plau of Salvation, and this in 
turn determines the Order of public worship. A spiritual- 
it}- which disregards the fixed order in the Plan of Salva- 
tion is inconceivable, so also is its expression impo^ 
in an Order of public worship which docs not logically 
follow these sanu 

The arrangement of the parts in the Order for the Chief 
Service on the I,ord'fl day may be Co: l a twin 

mountain , one of whose heights is a little 1< a the 

other. The former of these In - the 

Sermon ; and the other, and the higher nient 

of the Altar, without the celebration of which no public 

w<>r>hi|) i- complete, in pnbli 

d in an ascent, tl hich i- n it the 

le of the Lord, than which the: higher — 

nothing diviner on earth, only I In 

the Holy Supper the <1< 

the humble worshiper joyfall; D the 

Nunc Dimitti 

1 shall now examine tl. G of the 

this Liturgy. 
The Christian d< 1 in humble, 

acceptable worship. He conies, in ^ with his 

fellow Christians, from the 

I ;irt the burdens o\~ many d< 
oi few victories. He knows, that in spite of his best 

tndnct has n< 
Before him lies now a new week with it! nd hopes 

and fears; ami before h< 
week, he must hold communion with - heavenly 



FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XIII 

Father. But how shall he approach his God who dwells 
in unapproachable light? First of all he must be pardoned 
of his sins, and be made sensible of such pardon. For this 
purpose there is no form better adapted than that given in 
this Liturgy for Confession and Absolution. The Confiteor 
is therefore the first part of a normal Order for public 
worship. 

In the Confiteor the soul has been delivered from the 
burdens of past defeats, and is now prepared to take a 
further step in its approach to God. The worshiper is 
now prepared to enter upon the meaning and character of 
the particular day, which are announced to him in the 
Introit. To the peace, experienced in hearing the Absolu- 
tion, are thus added the joys of the particular festival. 
The Introit (commonly sung antiphonally) distinguishes 
one Lord's day from another, e. g., Easter from Whit- 
sunday, or Trinity, or some other holy day. 

Being cleansed from sin, and having entered upon the 
peculiar joys of the particular festival, the worshiper finds 
that earth has still other burdens and sorrows which prove 
a present and future hindrance to holiness. Life, death 
and eternity, upon each of w T hich sin has cast its dark 
shadow, are things w r ell able to make the soul tremble 
whenever it contemplates them. To be cleansed from the 
sins of the past week is no assurance of immunity from 
failure for the next. Therefore the Kyrie, comprehending, 
in spite of its brevity, a prayer for temporal and eternal 
deliveran'ce, comes next in the Order. 

In Confiteor and Kyrie the congregation approached 
God, conscious of the need of pardon. The people stood 
much in the same relation to God in these acts as humanity 
did before the advent of Christ. And as the Lord first 
came to his people in the chorus of angels, so does he 
NOW make his first approach to the worshiping congrega- 



XIV PROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDIT* 

tion in the lofty strains of the Gloria in Excel>is. He has 
come, but as yet he is silent ; but the light of his counte- 
nance shines upon his people, and fa open to their 
prayers. Once more, therefore, the congregation frames 
all its needs into a single petition, and unitedh 
it to the divine Throne in the Collect; and in clear 
prehension of the common need of all, the people ai 

with a believing Am- 

I*]) to this point the Lord has been but NOW he 

speaks, and it becomef him. 

»f nil \v In the 

tolical writing 
their praise in the Hallelujah and Gradual Bnt 

This tin 
in th- 
ins own, and they answer him witl Tibi, 
Chrii 
Hut further: The hearts faith 

through the j 

oped to that point in which the COl 

its union with tl which if 

the Credo. No more the bnrd< 

of evil, no in. .re t: 

Bill every soul. The face nl \\u in the 

Sermon, which in a big I be communion 

ot the saints, all oi whom in the presence of 

Mountain o( (\od, with th 
to the Sacrament. In th 
duced tl. int.) 

The worshiping people now know them- 
Bride of the Lord; their 

him and through him; but not only through him 
through fellowship with one another; they eople 



FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XV 

of God — a unit in their inner life and experience. In the 
fulness of divine grace they bear in mind the needs of one 
another, as well as those of the whole world ; and humbly 
wishing each human soul the highest good, they approach 
the divine Throne in supplication, prayer and intercession. 
With nothing but blessing for mankind in their hearts, 
the people are thus fitly preparing themselves for a right 
approach to the Altar. And along with this Great Prayer 
the thought comes to them, that the Church on earth and 
the Church in Heaven is the One Holy Catholic Church, and 
that the prayers of the pilgrims here and the prayers of 
the glorified there, are borne to the Father's Throne by 
the same Mediator. 

From supplication, prayer and intercession the congre- 
gation now goes with thanksgiving on to the Preface, 
even as the Apostle says : — "In everything let your re- 
quests be made known with thanksgiving " But the giv- 
ing of thanks is soon lost in the loftier strains of the 
Sanctus, in the Trisagion of the heavenly hosts. In the 
Sanctus the worshiping people see the Lord's approach to 
the Sacrament, and they hail him in prayerful Hosanna. 
The people can rise no higher ; they are as near Heaven as 
it is possible for a human soul to come on earth. 

A brief, but deep and expectant silence now settles on 
the people. 

Without transition the verba testamenti (words of the 
testament) are now heard. He comes in the name of the 
Lord ! God and his Lamb, slain for the sin of the world, 
are present! Humbled, the congregation lies before the 
Highest , not indeed as though cast down from the heights 
of the Sanctus, but by it deeply impressed with the near- 
ness of God, commends to him in the Agnus and Pater 
Noster everything which is necessary for time and eter- 
nity. 



XVI PROM THK PREFACE TO THE FIRST KDIT1 

But all trembling and fear, awakened anew through the 
coming of the Lord, now gives way to the peace of the 
Lord, which he himself announces to the guests about to 
approach his Table. 

The worshiping congregation now i ment 

of the Body and Blood of ©nr Lord Jesus Chris 

m faith to faith, from one height b 
vout soul has gone np to the I the 

of the divine nearness and pardon. Tin h no 

higher station, except in death Nunc Dimittis . Th 
vice closes, and the worshipers, with hope, born anew. 

in their daily occupations that which 

as the discipline pi ion. 

Brief and ineom; ination of the Lit 

will necessarily be found, I am neverthel I that 

a perusal of it will show m rly the I 

matchless Order for the Public Worship i tad may 

{\<,n\ himself >o preserve an that the time 

may speedily come, when imp* 

and the Church give him nobler | 



1. 

CHURCH FESTIVALS. 

A. /Movable. 

The time of the movable festivals is determined by Easter. 

Easter always occurs on the first Sunday after the first full 
moon after March 21st. If the full moon falls on Sunday, 
Easter does not occur until the Sunday following. Easter 
cannot fall earlier than March 22nd, nor later than April 
25th. According to this rule it is therefore easy for every 
one to determine when Easter will occur, and, knowing on 
what day Easter will fall, it is also easy to determine the 
date of all the movable festivals, thus : — 

1. Septuagesima occurs 9 weeks before Easter. 

2. Sexagesima " 8 " " 

3. Quinquagesima " 7 " " 

4. Ash -Wednesday " 46 days " 

5. Invocavit " 6 weeks " 

6. Reminiscere " 5 " " 

7. Oculi " 4 " 

8. Laetare " 3 " 

9. Judica " 2 " " 

10. Palmarum " 1 week " 

11. Dies Viridium, Maundy Thursday, Thursday before 

Easter. 

12. Dies Parasceues, Good Friday, Friday before Easter. 

l 



CHURCH FESTIVALS. 



13. D. D. F. Resurrect, s. Pasch., Easter. 

14. Ouasimodogeniti occurs 1 week after Easter. 

15. Misericordias 

16. Jubilate 

17. Cantate 

18. Rogate 

19. D. F. Ascensionis 

20. Exaudi 

21. D. D. F. Pentecostes. ' 

22. D. D. F. Trinitatis.... ' 



2 


weeks 


5 


' ' 


4 




5 




40 


days 


6 


weeks 


7 




- 





A Table oj days on which Easter will fall from 1902 — 192 1 



1902.. ..March 30, 

;.... April 12. 
3- 



I903 
1904 

1905 
1906 
1907, 
1 90S 



..April 
...April 23. 
...April 15. 
...March 31. 

...April 19. 



1 1 



1909. ...April 11. 
1910. ... March 27. 

191 1 April 16. 

1 91 2.... April 7 
1 91 3.... March 23 

1914 \pril 12 

1915. ...April 4 



1916. 
1917. 
1918. 

1919 
1920 
1921. 



..April 23. 
..April 

..March 31. 
...April 20. 
...April 4. 

.March 27. 



CHURCH FESTIVALS. 



A Table of the Movable Festivals, 

According to the several days that Easter can possibly 
fall upon. 



Easter. 


u 

£ >> 
oa p 

& a 

pW 


s . 

x U? 

CO - 

'X 


x X 


s 

o 

'x 

V 
V 
X 

< 


Whit-Sunday. 


V 

x •-" 


First Advent 
Sunday. 


March 22 
23 


1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 

i 
i 

4 
4 
4 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
6 

(5 
6 


Jan. 18 

19 

20 

21 

22 
ZZZ 23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

Feb. 1 

2 

ZZ". 3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 


Feb. 4 

5 



7 

_.- 8 

it 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

.;;..*;.. 23 

24 

25 

2(5 

27 

28 

Mar. 1 
2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 


Apr. 30 
May 1 

"""I 3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

2(5 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

June 1 

3 


Mav 10 

;.. ii 

12 

13 

14 

15 

1(5 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

"".'.." 23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

.. 29 

30 

31 

June 1 

zzz 3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 


27 
27 

27 
27 
27 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
24 
24 
24 
24 
24 
24 
24 
23 
23 
23 
23 
23 
23 
23 
22 
22 


Nov. 29 
30 


24 


Dec. 1 


25 

2(5 


2 
E 


27 


Nov. 27 


28 


28 


29 


29 


30 

31 

April 1 
2 


30 

Dec. 1 
2 
8 


3 


Nov 27 


4 


28 


5 

6 


29 

.. 30 




Dec. 1 


8 


•> 


9 


. 8 


::::::::: 5? 


Nov. 27 
28 


12 

13 

14 


29 

30 

Dec. 1 


15 


o 


16 


.. 3 


17 


Xov. 27 


18 


28 


19 

20 


29 

.. 30 


21 


Dec. 1 


22 


2 


23 


3 


24 

25 


Nov. 27 
28 



* In a Leap Year, the number of Sundays after F!piphany is the same 
as if Easter had fallen one day later than it really does ; and Septua- 
gesima Sunday and Ash- Wednesday fall one day later than that given 
in the Table, unless the Table gives some day in March for Ash-Wed- 
nesday ; for iu that case the day in the Table" is right. 



CHlkCH FESTIVALS 



1 \. Immovable festivals. 
Chief Festive 

Christmas, or the Nativity of our Lord 

Tlu- Circumcision of Christ 

I >•• January i. 

The Epiphany, <>r the Manifestation of Christ 
to tlu- Gentiles,. 

Tlu- Festival of the Reformation June 25. or < I 

Mi.\"« ■ 
IBRVBD in BOMS PARTS OP Tin: i.r : CHURCH. 

St. Andrew tlu- Apostle's 1 1 

St. Thomas tin- A]> 

St. Stephen tlu- Martyr' 26. 

St. John the A: 

The Conversion of St. Paul, Jannar 

The Presentation of Christ. February 2. 

St. Matthias the A; 

The Annunciation, 

St. Philip and St. James th< v.... May 1. 

The Birthday of St. John the Baptist Juw 

St. Peter and St. Paul the- a 29. 

The Visitation Jul 

St. James the elder, tin 

St. Bartholomew the \; Ar.. 

St. Matthew the Apostle's 

St. Michael the Archam 29. 

St. Simon and St. Jude the 
Advent begins on the Sunday r. 

Dotes. 

1. The second days oi high festival - 

SuncL 



CHURCH FESTIVALS. 5 

2. Those feasts of the Virgin, e. g., Annunciation, Visita- 
tion, etc., which are in reality festivals in honor of Christ, 
ought to be celebrated, that the full glory of the life of our 
Lord may annually be presented to the people. 

3. On Maundy Thursday the Institution of the Holy 
Supper is celebrated at 4 p. M., with the full Communion 
Service. 

4. Apostles' days are observed in a manner similar to that 
of the two liturgical week days. If they happen on these 
liturgical days, the services are distinguished from those of 
the ordinary days by Lessons, Text and Collect. 

5. The two liturgical week days are Wednesday and 
Friday. They derive their penitential character from the 
betrayal and death of our Lord. 

6. The Church has its Morning and Evening Prayer, 
which is distinct from other services. In our time it is, 
however, not always possible to observe these distinctions. 

7. The liturgical hours of the day, morning, noon and 
evening, are announced by the prayer-bell, and kept with 
prayer by the people, whether at home or abroad. 

8. On Ash -Wednesday the forty days' Lenten, Fast and 
Passion Season begins. Sundays excepted, which in the very 
nature of the case cannot be days of humiliation, there re- 
main exactly forty days from Ash-Wednesday to Easter. 
Ash-Wednesday is in an especial sense a day of penitence 
and humiliation. To transfer the observance of this day to 
a Sunday is absurd in the extreme. 

9. From Rogate to Ascension prayers are offered espe- 
cially for the fruits of the field. 

10. The afternoon of the Tenth Sunday after Trinity is 
observed as a season of prayer. The Destruction of Jerusa- 
lem forms the subject for meditation. 



BREVIARY FOR THE USE OF THE 
PASTOR. 



Morni 

EVER BLESSED TRINITY, to Thy mercy I 
commit this day, my body and soul, to^ 
with all my ways and undertakings. I beseech 
Thee to be me; en my heart 

and open my lips, that I may praise and magnify 
Thy Name which And as Thou 

hast made me for the >f Thy 

grant that I may yield my li: s rificetoThy 
honor in humble love and fear, Amen. 



A 



( hi 

U1IGHTY God, our II Thy 

it goodness I am pi 1 to go to Thy 

House, to worship toward Thy holy Temple. I 
me. gracious Lord, in righ 

Thy way before me. Keep me in the path of Thy 
commandments, for Thou art th 
tion. Thy dwellings are m; I rejoice 

6 in the [ who co* 



BREVIARY FOR THE USE OF THE PASTOR. ~ 

and praise Thy Name. How amiable are Thy tab- 
ernacles, O Lord of Hosts! My soul longeth, yea, 
even fainteth for the courts of the Lord. O come, 
let us worship and bow down ; let us kneel before 
the Lord our Maker. For He is our God, and we 
are the people of His pasture, and the sheep of His 
hand, Exalt the Lord our God. Worship at His 
footstool, for He is holy. I cry unto Thee in an 
acceptable time. Hear me, O Lord, for the sake 
of Thy great goodness, and grant me Thy blessing. 
Amen. 

IN THE SACRISTY IN PREPARATION FOR DIVINE 
WORSHIP. 

3. 
Confessio?i of Sins. 

ALMIGHTY God, our Maker and Redeemer, I 
confess unto Thee that I am by nature sinful 
and unclean, and that I have sinned against Thee 
by thought, word and deed ; I am inclined to all 
evil, and deserve nothing at Thy hands but wrath 
and condemnation ; but I sincerely lament that I 
have displeased Thee, my Lord and my God. I 
flee for refuge to Thine infinite mercy, seeking and 
imploring Thy grace for the sake of our Lord Jesus 
Christ, Thine only Son. Have mercy on me, a 
miserable sinner ; forgive all my sins, and grant 
unto me Thy Holy Spirit that I may remain obedi- 



8 BREVIARY I- OR TIIK USE OF THK PASTOR. 

ent to Thy most holy will, and bring forth the 
wholesome fruits of righteousness. Amen. 

4. 

LORD God, Thou hast ordained me to the office 
of pastor and bishop in Thy Church. Thou 
seest how utterly unfit I am rightly to fulfil this 
exceedingly ;ble calling. If it had not been 

for Thy wisdom and help, I should long ago have 
brought everything to nought. Unto Thee, there- 
fore, I lift up my voice. I desire to lend my b 
and lips to this service ; I desire to teach the 
people ; and I desire mysel 

meditating on Thy word. Use me, O Lord, as Thy 
workman : leave me not, neither forsake me ; for if 
Thou forsake me. I shall br rything to ruin. 

Amen. Luther. 

5. 
pRACIOUS merciful Father, Who 

vJ called me Thine unworthy servant to the holy 
office oi the ministry, and hast ordained me to be a 
fisher of men, that I should bring many souls to 
Thine everlasting Kingdom, and Who, in Thy 
providence, hast separated me to declare Thy I 
pel to this people : I beseech T ICC to 

make me worthy to fulfil the office of a minister of 
the New Testament, and be found a faithful 
of the divine mysteries, not by constraint, but 
willingly, not lor filthy luci mind, 



BREVIARY FOR THE USE OF THE PASTOR. 9 

and out of love for Thy holy and everblessed Name ; 
grant that I may bring up the lambs entrusted to 
my care in wholesome nurture ; strengthen the 
weak, heal the sick, bind up the broken hearted, 
recover the straying, seek the lost and bring them 
back to Thy fold. Give me Thy Holy Spirit, to be 
unto me utterance and wisdom, that I may declare 
Thy word and rightly divide it. Forbid that I 
should be an empty instrument and vain w r orkman, 
but work Thou through me for an abundant har- 
vest. O blessed God, Thou hast set me to be a 
watchman on the walls of Thy Zion : enable me to 
warn the godless and so to teach transgressors that 
they turn from their evil ways unto Thee. Grant 
me also grace to live according to Thy word, to be 
an example unto the flock, so that after having 
preached to others, I myself become not a cast- 
away, and I give none occasion to blaspheme the 
doctrine of Christ. Grant to me, and to all who 
hear me, Thy Holy Spirit, that we may grow in 
true faith and fervent love, and ever remain stead- 
fast in hope, until we receive the imperishable 
crown of everlasting life at the appearance of our 
Lord Jesus, the Chief Shepherd of the sheep. 
Amen. 



10 BRKVIARY I'OK THE USE OP THE pastor. 

6. 
lie fore the Celebration of the Sacrament* 

0LORI) Jesus Christ. Thou true and only High 
Priest, Who on the altar of th< bast 

offered Thyself to Thy h 

for us poor sinners of Thy 

sacrifice hast instituted this I ant. in 

which Thou us Th; md Thy 

d to drink ; I 
Thy boundl :id nier * that I 

Thine UttWOfthj 
ment with such dev 

to Thee. I know indeed, that ant of my 

sins and trans I worth) oach 

Thine altar, ( > Lord. But I kn< 
edge and s, that Thou rtby, 

Thou who redeemest and 

me from all unholy, vain and hurtful thoughts, 

1 may serve Thee with a clean heart and in humble 
faith. Take this heart of 

heart of flesh, that I may love and serve Thee 
have all my joy in Thee. Bless unto me and to 
all, who approach this holy Table. I 
oi Thy Body and Blood, that it may I - the 

Strength of body and soul, kec-: :i the | 

of righteousness, SO that we may finally be per- 
mitted to see Th. admitted to 



BREVIARY FOR THE USE OF THE PASTOR. H 

the great Communion on High, when Thou drinkest 
the fruit of the vine anew with Thy disciples in Thy 
Father's Kingdom. Amen. 



After the Celebratio?i of the Sacrament. 

OLORD Jesus Christ, Thou Everlasting Son of 
the Father, I give thanks unto Thee, that 
Thou hast given me, Thine unworthy servant, grace 
to fulfil my ministry and to distribute and receive 
the lifegiving gift of Thy Body and Blood. I be- 
seech Thee that this Feast may not minister to the 
condemnation but to the salvation of those whom 
Thou hast admitted to it. Grant that it may be 
unto me a shield of faith and the power of a right 
and holy life. Destroy in me all evil, and implant 
and nourish that which is good ; subdue the pas- 
sions and mortify the deeds of the flesh, so that I 
may ever cling to Thee, and with an acceptable 
walk and conversation magnify Thy Name. And 
finally when my course on earth is ended, receive 
me into the habitations of light, to feast with Thee 
and all the glorified in Thine everlasting Kingdom, 
where Thou Thyself art the true Iyight and Joy of 
Thine elect : O Thou Who livest and reignest with 
the Father and the Holy Ghost, one God, forever 
and ever. Amen. 



|2 BREVIARY FOR THE USB OB Tin- PASTOR. 

8. 
Thanksgiving after the completion of Worship. 

T THANK Thee, heavenly Father, for Th 
A which has enabled me a poor sinner to preach 
Thy Word. And I beseech Thee, gracious 
merciful God, to impress us with Thy Word and to 
seal it in our hearts. Grant that we may constantly 
grow in the knowledge and confession of Thy 
Name. Let Thy Word, which alone is and remains 
eternal truth, be and known ai: 

all people. Fulfil Thy promise, that Thy Word 
shall not return unto Thee void. Let it stir us up 
and bedew all men. as the rain am". from 

heaven bedews the earth, so that we DHL] 
know Thee, the true God and eve -her, 

and be enabled to worship and prafe in hum- 

ble fear, and order all our ling to Thy 

holy commandments. May wealws rand lov- 

ing and obedient children, and final!; D the 

everlasting inheritance, purchased for o ^reat 

a cost by our Lord Jesns Christ Amen. 



the You _■ the C\: **. 

EVERLASTING, Merciful God, lb 
Father. I beseech Thee to grant Th 
Spirit unto all who are entrusted to my minis 



o 



BREVIARY FOR THE USE OF THE PASTOR. 13 

Give them grace to know Tnee and Jesus Christ, 
Thy Son whom Thou hast sent; enable them to 
remain steadfast in the true faith, to grow in grace 
and love, and to serve Thee with humble and peni- 
tent lives. And grant unto me, O Lord, grace to 
teach them Thy Word in truth, and to set before 
them an example of godly living. Deliver us all 
from false and pernicious doctrine, preserve us from 
all evil, and finally bring us to everlasting life, 
through Jesus Christ, Thy Son, our Lord. Amen. 



For the pastor's sacristy devotions, the following 
Psalms may also be used :— 25, 26, 27, 43, 63, 80, 
84, 92, 116, 122. 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

\. 
XLbc Communion or Aorttiltg Service, 

An hour before divine service the congregation is admonished to 

ringing of the prayer-bell (on 
high f< e rung togethi aition 

is repeated half an hour later, and toward the close of the last half 
hour the congrt •.■ d to the sanctuary l>y ringing all 

the hells. 

At the last ringing of the belli it be© .her of the 

congregation to repair to the house of God, and, going to his place, 
j kneeling Prayer 

ae other pi • him. t'ntil the be- 

ginning of the on should be continued, 

either in language or ■( ed for the 

pnrpi 

The on to the 

Ghoat, or of similar Imp la the 

minister (with if there are an; hancel, and, 

standing toward the altai tiler which he (and assistants) 

turns tow aid I - : — 

P. In the Name of the Father, and of I 

and of the Holy Ch- 
A\ Amen. 

(Ebc Confitcor. 

P. Dearly tx With open 

humble contrition, let us cor. sins unto 

God our Father, beseeching Him in tl ae of 



the orders of public worship. 15 

our Lord Jesus Christ to grant us forgiveness. You 
will therefore say with me, having a hearty longing 
for God and an humble faith in our Lord Jesus 
Christ, through the : power of the Holy Ghost. 

Here the minister (assistants) and congregation kneel toward the 
altar and pray the Coufiteor as follows: 

P. Our help is in the name of the Lord ; 

R. Who made heaven and earth. 

P. I said, I will confess my transgressions unto 
the Lord ; 

R. And Thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin, 

P. Almighty and Everlasting God, our Maker 
and Redeemer, I confess unto Thee that I am by 
nature sinful and unclean, and that I have sinned 
against Thee by thought, word and deed, being 
thus brought under condemnation and made worthy 
of everlasting death. Wherefore I flee for refuge 
to Thine infinite mercy, seeking and imploring 
Thy grace. O Lord, have mercy upon me a sinner. 

The assistants, together with the congregation, then pray with the 
minister as follows: 

O Merciful God, have mercy upon us and for- 
give us all our sins ; and grant unto us Thy Holy 
Spirit, that through Him we may be obedient to 
Thy most holy will, and come to everlasting life. 
Amen. 

The minister rises, and standing toward the still kneeling congre- 
gation, pronounces the absolution. 



1<; THE ORD PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

P. Incline your hearts to God ! Almighty and 
most Merciful God hath had mercy upon us, and 
given His only Son to die for us; and for 1 
forgiveth us all our sin- many as believe on 

Him, He also givetb power I me the 

of God, and promised unto th< Spirit. 

• bat believeth, and 3 ived. 

» Lord, unto us all. 
The mini -Ration aaj 

Amen. 

Then (Uoria 

[n the 1 itter the congrea, join. In some plac 

to sing the Introit and 

Gloria autiphooally. Where aoncient mtu not at hand 

DM maybe introdu*. 
which the whole o>:i iring Holy 

Che "fcvnc. 
banted antiph ther by th- 1 and 

congregation or by thi 

/\ K 

A\ Lord, lia\ 

P, Chris: <n I 

A\ Christ, have nicicv u: 

P. Kvrie, eleison ! 

A\ Lord, have mercy upon D 

Slorta et In Ccrra. 

The Gloria et in terra il omitted on Go> ndeed it ought 

not to be chanted throughout 1. tea, n suita- 

ble hymn may be sung 

P. Glory be to God on high ! 

A\ And Oil earth, peace, good will : 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 17 

We praise Thee, we bless Thee, we worship Thee, 
we glorify Thee, we give thanks to Thee for Thy 
great glory. 

O Lord God, heavenly King; God the Father Al- 
mighty. 

O Lord, the only begotten Son, Jesus Christ ; O 
Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father. 

That takest away the sin of the world, have 
mercy upon us. 

Thou that takest away the sin of the world, 
receive our prayer. 

Thou that sittest at the right hand of God the 
Father, have mercy upon us. 

For Thou only art holy ; Thou only art the 
Lord! 

Thou only, O Christ, with the Holy Ghost, art 
most high in the glory of God the Father. Amen. 

Gbe Collect vvitb Salutation. 

P. The Lord be with you. 
R. And with thy spirit. 

The minister turns toward the altar, and sings or says the Collect, 
as follows: — 

Let us pray: Lord, we beseech Thee, give ear to 
our prayers, and lighten the darkness of our hearts 
by Thy gracious visitation ; Who livest and reign- 
est with the Father and the Holy Ghost, ever one 
God, world without end. 

R. Amen. 



1$ THE ORE iTIil.IC WORSHIP. 

After the Collect the minister turns towards the congregation, and 
reads the Kpistle, as follow-:— 

Thus writes (St. Paul to the Romans in the 1 
chapter from the 11—14 v< And that, kn 

ing the time, etc.) 

The Epistle ended, the congregation 

Hallelujah ! 

During] iallelujah ad is sung: — 

Praise to Thee, O Lord. We sing : Of mercy the 

eternal Kin-. 
The 

of til. - irk of 

horn 

P. The Lord he with you. 

A\ And with thy spirit. 

I\ The holy Gospel for Ihe written 

St. Matthew in the 2 And 

when they drew n; 
The i 

Glory be to Thee, O L01 

The ministei then rends THH ^ thecongregs- 

tion ^i".^* '•— 

Pi. to Thee. Chris 

Crcev. 

The minister then si oaeno-Constantinopo- 

litanum: — 

1 believe in one God. 

Tin I 

A\ Almighty Maker of Heaven 
Of all things visible and invisi: 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 19 

And, in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only begotten 
Son of God, begotten of the Father before all 
worlds, God of God, Light of Light, very God of 
very God, begotten, not made, being of one sub- 
stance with the Father ; by whom all things were 
made; who for us men and for our salvation came 
down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy 
Ghost of the Virgin Mary, and was made man ; and 
was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate; he 
suffered and was buried ; and the third day he rose 
again, according to the Scriptures ; and ascended 
into Heaven, and sitteth at the right hand of the 
Father ; and he shall come again with glory to 
judge both the quick and the dead; whose kingdom 
shall have no end. 

And I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and 
Giver of life, who proceedeth from the Father and 
the Son, who with the Father and the Son together 
is worshiped and glorified, who spake by the proph- 
ets. And I believe one holy Christian and Apos- 
tolic Church. I acknowledge one baptism for the 
remission of sins ; and I look for the resurrection 
of the dead, and the life of the world to come. 
Amen. 

When there is no Communion, the Apostle's Creed maybe used, or 
Luther's hymn We all Believe, etc. In the latter event the minister 
sings, the same as before, the first clause of the Creed. 



2Q THE <>k: PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

Che BpMtIe'0 Sreeft. 

I believe in God the Father, Almighty Maker of 

iveil and earth. 
And in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord, who 
i-d by the Holy I horn of the 

Virgin Mary ; suffered under Pontius Pi'. 
crucified, dead and I ended into hell; 

the third day he I tin from the dead; he 

into 1 1 th on tl: hand 

of Cod the Father ; from then 
judge the quick and the de 

I b Christian 

Church, the communion of the forj 

ins; the resurrection of th< I the life 

everlasting. Amen. 

ffbc Sermon. 

the minister ascends the pulpit. 
At tin- end of th* '" with the Apostolic 

Salutation, and i s crmon with 

tin* Gloria Petri, the I rn. 

i he congregation to prayer, 
and u> 

of the 
ministi 
pnrtod in O 
fiw of t! • i ccasiOns, arc here iriven. 

( ) \ 
in.uri.i. .nance, 

it. that 
the\ in.iv enter thftl N Ihee in 

godlj I .st, etc. 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 21 

O God, Thou God of the living- and of the dead, to whom all those who 
have fallen asleep in Christ do belong-, we give Thee hearty thanks that Thou 
didst receive our brother (sister) into the covenant of grace in holy baptism, 
and didst direct him (her) to the blessed inheritance by Thy Word, and didst 
strengthen him (her) in the faith through the body and blood of Thine only 
beg-otten Son. We trust that Thou hast now brought him (her) by Thy 
grace unto everlasting life. Comfort those who remain with Thy heavenly 
comfort, and direct them heavenward by the blessed hope of the resurrec- 
tion of the dead. Enable each of us to remember that we also must die, 
and help us to work out our salvation with fear and trembling: through 
Jesus Christ, etc. 

We thank Thee, Lord God, Heavenly Father, that Thou hast blessed 
these parents, especially this mother; in the hour of her travail Thou didst 
not forsake her, but gavest her joy in the midst of her danger. Strengthen 
her, we beseech Thee; preserve the little child, and graciously receive it 
into Thy covenant of grace, ever to remain Thine own : through Jesus 
Christ, etc. 

Other announcements [6] of a spiritual nature n ay also be made at this 
time e. g., festivals, days of prayer, christian meetings, excommunications 
or restorations. At the corclusion of the announcements the minister ad- 
monishes to benevolence and almsgiving, according to 1 Cor. 16., 2 Cor. 
8: 9., Gal. 6. He then pronounces the VOTUM, to which the congregation 
responds with an Amen, after which he leaves the pulpit. 

While descending from the pulpit the congregation begins to sing 

TLbc OttCttOV>Q. (7) 

During the Offertory the free will offerings of the people for the poor, 
sick, missions, or other churchly objects are brought to the altar, or may be 
gathered in suitable vessels and laid upon the altar or upon a table set for 
the purpose near the altar. During the Offertory also, the minister places 
the bread and wine upon the altar; or, if these have been there from the 
beginning of the service, he now reverently uncovers them, and prepares 
himself through prayer and meditation for the administration of the Sacra- 
ment. 



Do good in Thy good pleasure unto Zion ; build 
Thou the walls of Jerusalem. Then shalt Thou be 
pleased with the sacrifices of righteousness, with 
burnt offering and whole burnt offering ; then shall 
they offer bullocks upon Thine altar. 



22 THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a 
right spirit within me. Cast me not away from 
Thy presence, and take not Thy Holy Spirit from 
me. Restore unto me the joy of Thy salvation, 
and uphold me with Thy free Spirit. 

To prepare himself for the celebration of the Sacrament the minister may 
use the following: — Mighty Maker of all things visible and invisible, who 
by Thy providence rulest all things; for all things are Thine, O Lord, Thou 
Benefactor of our souls: To Thee. Almighty God. I rlee, a poor sinner, and 
of all Thy servants most unworthy to approach Thy presence and to stretch 
forth my hand to administer Thy holy Sacrament. Grant unto me Thy Holy 
Spirit, that heavenly tire, who is the fountain of understanding, who sub- 
dues all hardness of heart, quenches every unholy thought, mortifies 
sinful member, and sets at rest the troubled soul, together with all pain and 
sorrow; — and so prepare me, tint, as becometh Thy stewards, I may be 
lifted above every earthly and perishable thought, and with a clean heart 
and undetiled lips administer this ever blessed mystery, and remain in com- 
munion and fellowship with Thv Christ, who with Thee and the everliving 
Spirit, is one God, now and i i men. 

At the conclusion of the Offertory the minister, turning to the coiil; 
tion, exhorts to prayer: — 

Dearly beloved ! We are all members of one body, 
w T hose Head is the Lord Jesus Christ, and it be- 
cometh us to pray for one another. Let us there- 
fore so pray in obedience to the command of Christ 
and his blessed apostles. 

Xet us pra\\ 

The minister turns to the a. tar. Throughout the prayer the prayer-bell is 
rung. The congregation kneels or remains standing. 

Zbc General praxjer. 

Almighty and most merciful God, the Father of 
our Lord Jesus Christ: Most heartily we beseech 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 23 

Thee so to rule and govern Thy Church universal, 
with all its pastors and ministers, by Thy Holy 
Spirit, that it may be preserved in the pure doctrine 
of Thy saving word, whereby faith toward Thee 
may be strengthened, and charity increased in us 
toward all mankind. 

R. We beseech Thee to hear us, Lord God. 

Grant also health and prosperity to all that are 
in authority, (especially to the President of the 
United States,) and to all our judges and magis- 
trates ; and endue them with grace to rule after 
Thy good pleasure, to the maintenance of righteous- 
ness, and to the hindrance and punishment of wick- 
edness, that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life 
in all godliness and honesty. 

R. We beseech Thee to hear us, Lord God. 

May it please Thee also to turn the hearts of our 
enemies and adversaries, that they may cease their 
enmity, and be inclined to walk with us in meek- 
ness and in peace. 

R. We beseech Thee to hear us, Lord God. 

All who are in trouble, want, sickness, anguish 
of labor, peril of death or any other adversity, 
especially those who are in suffering for Thy Name 
and truth's sake, comfort, O God, with Thy Holy 
Spirit, that they may receive and acknowledge their 
afflictions as the manifestation of Thy Fatherly 
goodness. 



24 THK ORDERvS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

R. We beseech Thee to hear us, Lord God. 

And although we have deserved Thy righteous 
wrath and manifold punishments, yet, we entreat 
Thee, O most merciful Father, remember not the 
sins of our youth, nor our many transgressions ; 
but out of thine unspeakable goodness, grace and 
mercy, defend us from all harm and danger of body 
and soul. Preserve us from false and pernicious 
doctrine, from war and bloodshed, from plague and 
pestilence, from all calamity by fire and water, from 
hail and tempest, from failure of harvest and from 
famine, from anguish of heart and despair of Thy 
mercy, and from an evil death. In every time of 
trouble show Thyself a present Help, the Saviour 
of all men, and especially of them that believe. 

R. Hear us, Lord God. 

Cause also the needful fruits of the earth to pros- 
per, that we may enjoy them in due season. Give 
success to the Christian training of the young, to all 
lawful occupations on land and sea, and to all pure 
arts and useful knowledge, and crown them with 
Thy blessing. 

R. We beseech Thee, to hear us. Lord God. 

Finally for all things, for which it is Thy will, O 
God, that we should pray, we beseech Thee, with 
the whole Christian Church on earth and with all 
Thy saints in Heaven. Receive, O Lord of Heaven 
and earth, this common prayer of Thine own, 
both here and there. Speedily fulfil the number of 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 25 

Thine elect and the measure of their afflictions. 
Hasten the end of the present, and bring in the 
glorious liberty of the children of God and the re- 
demption of our bodies for which we and all the 
blessed dead do wait, and on that great day unite 
us with the multitude of Thy children from the 
beginning of the world, to rest forever in Thy 
presence. 

R. We beseech Thee to hear us, Lord God. 

All these things graciously grant unto us for the 
sake of the bitter sufferings and death of Jesus 
Christ, Thine only Son, our Lord and Savior, who 
liveth and reigneth with Thee and the Holy Ghost, 
God blessed forever and ever. 

R. Amen. Amen. 

The congregation may sing an Amen -verse between the General Prayer 
and the next part of the service. 

Special supplications and petitions may also be introduced at proper 
places in the General Prayer. 

Gbe So=GalleD \t)olpretcbt'scbe Bjbortatton. 

If there is to be an Exhortation at all, this is the proper place to intro- 
duce it; to have it after the Sanctas certainly is not fitting. 

Dearly Beloved ! Forasmuch as we desire to cele- 
brate the Supper of our Lord Jesus Christ, in which 
he gives us His body to eat and His blood to drink, 
thereby to strengthen our faith, it becometh us dil- 
igently to examine ourselves, as St. Paul exhorteth 
us. For this holy Sacrament hath been instituted 
for the special comfort of those who are troubled on 



26 THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

account of their manifold transgressions, and who 
humbly confess their sins, fear God's wrath, and 
hunger and thirst after righteousness. But such 
examination of our hearts and consciences reveals 
to us nothing but sin and death which is the wages 
of sin, from which we are unable by our own 
strength to deliver ourselves, as St. Paul teacheth. 
Wherefore our Lord Jesus Christ hath had mercy 
upon us, and for our sakes became Man, that He 
might fulfil for us the whole law and will of God, 
and took upon Himself for our deliverance all that 
we by our sins have merited. And. to the end that 
w T e should the more confidently believe this and be 
strengthened in our faith and obedience, "as they 
were eating, He took bread, and brake it, and gave 
it to His disciples, and said : Take, eat ; this is my 
body," i. e., I have become Man, and all that I do 
and suffer is for your sake ; in witness whereof I 
give unto you my body to eat. — "After the same 
manner also, He took the cup, and gave thanks, 
and gave it to them, saying : Take, and drink ye all 
of it, for this is my blood of the New Testament 
which is shed for many for the remission of sins ; 
this do ye, as oft as ye do it in remembrance of 
me;" i. e., inasmuch as I have had mercy upon 
you, and have taken upon myself all your iniqui- 
ties, I give myself unto death, shedding my blood 
to obtain grace and forgiveness of sin and to con- 
firm and establish a new covenant in which ve shall 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 27 

have forgiveness and everlasting remission : in wit- 
ness whereof I give unto you my blood to drink. 

Therefore.whoso eateth of this bread and drinketh 
of this cup, i. e., whoso firmly receiveth and believ- 
eth this word and witness of Christ, dwelleth in 
Christ and Christ in him, and hath eternal life. We 
should also do this in remembrance of Him, show- 
ing His death, that he was delivered for our offen- 
ces and raised again for our justification, and 
render unto Him most hearty thanks, take up 
our cross and follow Him, and according to His 
commandment love another, even as He hath loved 
us. For we are all one bread and one body, even 
as we are all partakers of this one bread and drink 
of this one cup. For in like manner as one wine is 
produced from myriads of grapes and cne loaf from 
countless grains, so also are we, being many, to 
become one body in Christ, and for His sake love 
one another, not only in word, but in deed and in 
truth, as St. John teacheth in his first Epistle, ch. 
3. And may the Almighty and Merciful God and 
Father of our Lord Jesus Christ by the power of 
His Holy Spirit enable us to bring this to pass. 

Amen. 

Gbe preface and Sanctus* 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Lift up your hearts. 

R. We lift them up unto the Lord. 



28 THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

P. Let us give thanks unto the Lord our God, 

R. It is meet and right so to do. 

P. It is truly meet, right and salutary, that we 
should at all times and in all places give thanks 
unto Thee, O Lord, Holy Father, Almighty Ever- 
lasting God. 

Here shall follow the proper PREFACE for the season. 

CHRISTMAS. 

For in the mystery of the Word made flesh, 
Thou hast given us a new revelation of Thy glory ; 
that seeing Thee in the Person of Thy Son, we 
may be drawn to the love of those things which are 
not seen. Therefore with Angels etc. 

EPIPHANY. 

For Thine only begotten Son coming in our 
mortal nature, hath by the light of His immortal 
Being renewed us. Therefore with Angels etc. 

LENT. 

Through Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, our Lordj 
who for our redemption w T as lifted up upon the 
Cross ; to the end that where death began, there 
life might also begin ; that he who at the tree, of 
the garden did win the victory, should also at the 
tree of the Cross lose the same. Therefore with 
Angels etc. 



THE) ORDERS OF PUBIvIC worship. 29 

EASTER. 

But chiefly are we bound to praise Thee for the 
glorious resurrection of Thy Son Jesus Christ, our 
Lord ; for He is the very Paschal Lamb, which was 
offered for us, and hath taken away the sin of the 
world ; who by His death hath destroyed death ; 
and by His rising to life again hath restored to us 
everlasting life. Therefore with Angels etc. 

ASCENSION. 

Through Jesus Christ our Lord, Who after His 
Resurrection appeared openlv to all His disciples, 
and in their sight was taken up into heaven that 
He might make us partakers of His divine nature. 
Therefore with Angels, etc. 

WHIT-SUNDAY. 

Through Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, our Lord 
and Savior ; who ascending high above all heavens, 
and sitting at Thy right hand, poured out on this 
day the Holy Spirit, as He had promised, upon the 
chosen disciples ; whereat the whole earth rejoices 
with exceeding joy. Therefore with Angels, etc. 

TRINITY. 

Who with Thine only begotten Son, and the 
Holy Ghost, art one God and one Lord ; not 
one Person, but three Persons in one Substance. 
For that which we believe, according to Thy reve- 



30 THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

lation, of the glory of the Father, the same we 
believe of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, without 
any difference or inequality. And in the confession 
of the only true God, we worship the Trinity in 
Person, and the Unity in Substance, of majesty co- 
equal. Therefore with A: tC. 

Therefore with A ad Archangels, and all 

the company of Heaven we laud and magnify Thy 
glorious Name, evermore praising Thee and saying: 

The Congregation joins in the .nccling. and remains so to 

The pence of the Lord be with you tin 

Holy, Holy, Holy, L<>rd God of Sabaoth ; Heaven 
and eartli are full of Thy glory I Hosanna in the 
highest. Blessed is He th th in the Name 

of the Lord. Hosanna in the b 

or 

Holy. Holy, Holy, Lord God of S all the 

earth is full of Thy Glory : Hosanna in the big] 
Blessed be Mary's Son Paschal I that 

OOmeth in the Name of the Lord. Hosanna in the 
highest ! 

A brief, but iU * rs on the congregation. Many 

of the older I.utV. troduecThe Exhortation immediately 

after the Sand,. ttenbenj M klenburg 1551, But it 

must be indmitted that such an introduction a: iousIv 

affecti the Liturgical bars 

Consecration. 

P. Our Lord Jesus Christ, in the (right in which 
He was betrayed ; took and. when He had 



TKK ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 31 

given thanks, He brake it, and gave it to His disci- 
ples, saying, Take, eat ; this is my body, which is 
given for you ; this do in remembrance of me. 

After the same manner, also, He took the cup, 
when He had supped, and when He had given 
thanks, He gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of 
it ; this cup is the New Testament in my Blood, 
which is shed for you, and for many, for the remis- 
sion of sins; this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in 
remembrance of me. 

Then shall be sung: 

Bgnus 2>ei. (9) 

Christ, Thou Lamb of God, that takest away 
the sin of the world, have mercy upon us. O Christ, 

upon us. Christ, grant us Thy 

peace. Amen. 

After the Agnus by the congregation the minister says the follow- 
ing oratio fractionis : 

Blessed are Thou, Lord Jesus Christ, Almighty 
and Everlasting Son of God, that Thou hast through 
the perfect sacrifice of Thy body and blood, offered 
once and for all, perfected them that are sanctified, 
and hast ordained this holy Supper as a memorial 
and a seal, in which Thou givest us Thy body to 
eat and Thy blood to drink, that we, being in Thee, 
as Thou art in us, may have everlasting life and be 
raised to a glorious immortality at the last day. 
Gracious and Exalted Savior, we are not worthy to 



32 THH ORDKRS OF PUBUC WORSHIP. 

receive the mercy and goodness which Thou dost 
give us, and on account of our sins are far too 
unclean and weak rightly to receive this salutary 
gift. Sanctify us therefore in body and soul by 
Thy Holy vSpirit ; prep and adorn us with 

grace to draw near Thy holy Table. What 
through our w< lack in repentance for 

sin and unshaken faith in Thy merits and ea: 
purpose to amend our life, with the richness of the 
merit of Thy bitter sui: ith do Thou 

fulfil SO that we who on our pilgrim I take 

of Thee our our iour, ma 

last see Thee fa in the Fatherland al 

and with all believers abide in Thee forever. Amen. 

[mmedlal .all sing 

Che lorO'6 fl>ra\vr. 

Our Father, who art in Heaven ; hallowed be 
Thy Name ; Thy Kingdom ( Thy will be 

done on earth, as it is in Heaven ; give us this day 
our daily bread; an s our t: 

we forgive those who tn and lead 

us not into temptation ; but r us from evil. 

A\ Amen. 

P. The peace o\ the Lord be with you alw. 

A\ Amen. 

PuUrituition. 

The distribution of the elements ma\ take place in either of two 
First, three kneel be placed around the altar 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 33 

in such a way as to allow one group of communicants to be at the 
altar at a time, to receive both elements in succession. Or, the whole 
congregation may proceed in procession around the altar, receiving 
first the bread, and then the wine. In the latter case the manner of 
distribution depends on the number of ministers celebrating. If 
there is only one minister, the whole congregation receives the bread 
from the north side of the altar; then the procession returns, and 
receives the wine at the same place. If there are two ministers, the 
people may receive the bread at the north side, and the wine at the 
south side of the altar. Both of these methods are of ancient origin, 
but the first is more impressive and also saves much time. 

The ministers, according to ancient usage, receive first ; then the 
men, and after them the women. Of the men, the catechumens and 
and younger people commune first; of the women, the same order 
obtains. Differences of rank or station are not to be tolerated in the 
distribution. The communing of the ministers is varied, according 
to the number present. If there is more than one, those who did not 
consecrate receive with the first group, or at the head of the pro- 
cession. These then commune the celebrant. But if there is only 
one minister present, the ancient and highly honored Lutheran 
SUMTIO (n) may be introduced. In such cases, however, the minis- 
ter should be sure to have a Confessor, to whom he has made confes- 
sion beforehand. Without the Sumtio a single minister is not suffi- 
cient for the celebration ; nevertheless those who serve at the altar 
shall also be permitted to eat from the altar. 

If there is only one minister, the Sumtio conies first, and then the 
communion of the congregation, as follows: — 

O Lord Jesus Christ, Thou everlasting Word of 
the Father, Thou Savior of the world, Thou who 
art true and living God and Man, deliver us by 
Thy blessed Body and precious Blood from all sin ; 
and enable us to fulfil Thy commandments, and to 
remain steadfast to Thee throughout time and 
eternity. Amen. 

(O, Jesus Christ, Let not Thy Body given for our 
sin, and Thy Blood shed for us and for many, be to 
our condemnation and judgment; but by Thy grace 



34 THE ORDKRS OP PUBLIC worship. 

make it the protection of our bodies and souls, and 
the blessed means of everlasting life. 
A\ Amen 

Then the minister receives the bread, and prays:— 

The Body of our Lord Jesus Christ keep my soul 

unto eternal life. Aim 

Then be turns to Ok- common ten in his haud, 

and - ris: — [12] 

Beloved ! This is the true Body of our Lord J 
Christ who suffered the bitter pains of death foi 
R, Amen. 
Be then distribute* the bread with the following wor is: — (13] 

Take, eat, this is the Body of our L<>rd Jesus 
Christ given unto (hath foi -in. 

K. A. men. 

When th I the bread or after the other 

method, the whole congregation, he turn! toward the sJtSJ 

cnpi and M] 

(What shall I render unto the Lord for all 
benefits toward me? I will take the cup of salvation, 
and call upon the Nam 116, 12, 

He then receives the win- -: — 

(The Blood oi our Lord Jesus Chi my 

soul unto everlasting life. 

Turning to the communicants, with the cup in his hand, the mini- 

: — 

This is indeed the precious treasure of the pr: 
Blood oi our Lord Jesus Christ by which you 
are redeemed unto eternal life. 



I in ( ) are omitted, when there it 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 35 

R. Arnen. 

He then administers the cup, saying - : — 

Take and drink, this is the true Blood of our 
Lord Jesus Christ, shed for you and for many for 
the remission of sin. 

R. Amen. 

When each table has communed, or after the other method the 
whole congregation, the minister says: — 

The Body of our Lord Jesus Christ and His pre- 
cious Blood keep and preserve your bodies and 
souls unto everlasting life. 

R. Amen. 

Should either the bread or the wine fail during the distribution, the 
deficiency must at once be supplied, but the new element brought, 
whether bread or wine, must be consecrated just as the original 
before it. In doing so only those words of the Institution shall be used 
which apply to the element to be consecrated. The prayers, O Lord 
Jesus Christ, Thou Everlasting Word, etc., and O Jesus Christ, Let 
Not, etc., may also be used. During such consecration perfect silence 
is observed b\- the congregation, the same as at the first consecration. 

If one or more ministers assist in the celebration, the Communion 
Hymn begins immediately after Confessio Sanguinis Christi ; but if 
there is only one minister, the singiug begins at the Confessio Cor- 
poris, and ceases again at the Confessio Sanguinis. Throughout, the 
singing must not be too loud ; the words of the officiating minister 
must always be plainly audible. 

When all have communed, the Nunc Dimittis, Luke 2, (14) shall be 
sung hy the congregation kneeling: — 

Lord, now lettest Thou Thy servant depart in 
peace, according to Thy Word. 

For mine eyes have seen Thy salvation which 
Thou hast prepared before the face of all people. 

A Light to lighten the Gentiles, and the Glory 
of Thy people Israel. 



36 THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to 
the Holy Ghost. 

As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
shall be, world without end. Amen. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with Thy spirit. 

P. Let us pray. We thank Thee, Almighty 
God, that Thou hast refreshed us through this 
salutary gift ; and we humbly beseech Thee, gra- 
ciously to strengthen us in faith toward Thee and 
in fervent love toward one another: through Jesus 
Christ. Thy Son, our Lord. Who liveth and reign- 
eth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, true 
God, world without end. 

A\ Amen. 
These additional Collects may 

O Almighty, Everlasting God. we praise and 

thank Thy divine goodness for the precio 
and drink given us in the Body and IHood of Thine 
only begotten Son : and we humbly beseech Thee, 
by Thy Holy Spirit, to grant unto us, who have 
received tlu iment, the forgiveness of sin, 

growth in grace, and everlasting union with J 
Christ ; through the same, Thy Son. Jesus Christ 
our Lord. 

A\ Amen. 

We heartily beseech Thee, O Lord, that we D 
also receive with pure minds and clean hearts this 



THE ORDERS OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 37 

Sacrament, which we have eaten outwardly, so that 
it may be unto us an everlasting deliverance : 
through Christ, our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Bless we the Lord. 

R. Thanks be to God. 

P. The Lord bless thee, and keep thee ; 

The Lord make His face shine upon thee, and be 
gracious unto thee; 

The Lord lift up His countenance upon thee., 
and give thee J peace. 

R. Amen. 



NOTES ON THE INDIVIDUAL PARTS OF 
THE COMMUNION SERVICE. 

The Confiteor. There ought I all praying in 

concert a strong male \ 

readily be heard above the other voices. With this need 
supplied speaking in concert 
monotony and cadence d rove quite 

natural. Hun- iion, Hai: 

is incorrect and unsati- Kempt b Sfl the 

deepest longings of the don by m bant 

Speaking must be regarded iditionally the right of 

a matured eve people ander all circuu. .here 

speaking, and not singing or chanting, ia the proper method 

of expression. And this is manifestly the case in all common 

the Creed and C D the 

minister alone these for the people. That 

speaking in concert i> not productive oi 
factorilv proved by 

The Introit. In the older Lutheran Orders the In- 
troit is in nearly en 

a rule, oi a Psalm-antiphon, after which fol I the 

whole Psalm, but a single verse with the Gloria Patri. after 
which the antiphon is repeated. Cf. Bona Return liturg. 
L. II. Ch. III. i. 2. Those [ntroits are irregular which are 
not taken from the Psalter, but from other books of the Old 
or New Testament. That for t: .1 of the Trinity is 

indeed not found in Scripture.— The Introit is to the Morn- 
ing Service what the Invitatov •' the 
antiphon to the Psalmody (vid. Allioli, The Inner Principle 



NOTKS. 39 

of the Canons of the Horae and their Agreement, Augsb. 
1847, p. 13. §6.) It brings the Morning Sendee into right 
relation with the peculiar character of the Festival or Lord's 
day, and announces the direction and particular contents of 
the service on that day. — Instead of Introits, the Psalms from 
which they are taken may be used, as was the case in the 
ancient Church, and as Luther expressed a preference in his 
Manner of Conducting Mass in a Christian Way. He set 
the Introit in its proper place, but openly declared that He 
"preferred the Psalm from which it was taken." Cf. Tom 
Jenens. III. pp. 332, 333. 

(3) The Kyrie. To substitute, with moderns, the Kyrie 
for a Confiteor and the Gloria for an Absolution is forced 
and perverted in the extreme. As little as a beggar, with his 
Be so kind as to help me, thinks of saying that he is a sinner, 
can the Church use the Kyrie as a confession of sins. Not 
sin, but need is confessed. Even in the later versions of the 
Kyrie where the mention of sin occurs, sin is regarded in the 
sense of need. Compare also what Hommel says in his 
Liturgy, p, 7, against the modern use of the Kyrie as a con- 
fession of sins. A master in Liturgies, Cardinal Bona, and 
well known by Lutheran liturgists, says (Rerum liturg. L. 
II, Ch. 4, § I): — "Ipsum "Kyrie eleison" non humana insti- 
tutione, sed occulto quodam naturae instinctu usurpari 
coepisse manifestum est. Cum enim homo multis miseriis 
ab ipsa infantia ob culpam primi parentis veluti haereditario 
jure subjectus sit; ad illius opem implorandam natura ipsa 
impeelente excitatur, qui solus miseris misericordiam prae- 
stare et tot malis oppressam sublevare potest. Ideo in veteri 
testamento hae precandi formulae frequentissimae sunt: Do- 
mine miserere, Miserere mei, Deus — Miserere nostri, Deus 
omnium — et aliae ejusdem generis. Quin etiam gentes, fidei 
lumine destituae, duse procul dubio natura, a suprema 
omnium causa praesidium iisdem verbis postulabant, ut 



40 NO! 

scribit Arrianus i, 2. disset. Hpictiti c. 7. dicens: Denm 

invocantes precamur eum Kyrie eleison. Primae siqnidem 

notionea omnibus ratione utentibus communes sunt, utque 

ait Minicuus Felix, omnium iste est 00c 

naturalis est serum, non solius Christian] confitentu 

Quite like- a beggar, and not at all lil intent, did the 

Syro-Phoenician woman come to the Lord witb her Kyrie 

eleison, Matthew 15:22. With the H 

Amen, Hallelujah. Hosanna, the Church 

the use of the Greek K there 

is throughout the world only one holy C Church. 

Luther on the Kyrie et it et In 

Terra. BS well as the K 
Liturgies, which confoi 1 
Luth< • ''Much - 

is a most glorious thing in the Mass, and 
hymns have- 1 

Hallelujah, Gloria Patri, 1 • 
Agnus I >ei. In tin 

rifice, only tlh ml thank 

appropriate is the 

sings and praises the merit 1 

by its brief but beautiful v Him. In 

fact the evil in the 
with sacrifice and g 

even this also by having th 

and call it the Silent That. 

which is open] 

of simph and than] 

actually shield I [ifl 

and condemn the | D maehi:: 

Jen. V. f. 196 b. — He 

proud also of those \vh 

we read that in the tin* 

all thepeoph 



NOTES. 41 

(5) The Salutation. By means of the salutation, taken 
from Ruth 2: 4 (Cf. Judges 6: 12), and the answer, taken 
from 2 Tim. 4: 22, which recur so often during the service, 
the bond of unity between minister and people is refreshed 
and renewed by each repetition. The Pax vobiscum is as 
powerful. But whether Pax vobis or Dominus vobiscum is 
used, each is a watch word by which the faithful in Christ 
express their unity in faith and love. Through the ministers 
Christ greets us, desiring to make us His house, and in us 
to erect a temple of praise. Cf. Bona 1. c. Ch. V. § 1. 

(6) Concerning notices and announcements, see Marburg 
1560. The Roman Catholic pastoral theologies speak exten- 
sively on this subject, and the point is doubtless a good one. 
At the Amen after the sermon surely none are asleep. — An- 
nouncements, not of a spiritual nature nor in any way relat- 
ing to the services of God's house, ought never to be made 
during the services, but always after the Benediction. The 
Banns of Marriage, however, may be published and the 
bridal couple included in the petitions of the General Prayer. 
If any announcements are made by the sexton at the close 
of the service, care is to be taken that the devotions of the 
people are not distracted by any thing inappropriate. Some 
things would indeed fit better for a bulletin board than for a 
verbal announcement. 

(7) The Offertory. With regard to the Offertory, ac- 
count is to be taken of what Hommel says in his introduc- 
tion to his Liturgy, p. 6. By no means do we countenance 
the Romish idea of sacrifice. But it is correct and liturgic- 
ally necessary that the people regard their praying and 
giving as sacrificial acts, according to the Scriptures. As 
long as the congregation does not regard its praying and 
giving as acts of sacrifice — truly only of praise and thanks- 
giving, — it is but natural to find that its praying and giving 
are of a very desultory and meagre sort. The Offertory is a 



42 NOTES. 

devotional act of the universal priesthood of believers. See 
Loehe's Union of Lutheran Christians, etc, p. ioi, et 
Also the ] of Scripture which speak of the sacrifice 

Of Christians, i Peter 2\ 1 5i l6. 1 

50: E4, 23. Phil. 4: 18. I ; urther than the resumption of the 
old name we have introduced nothing new in this e<»: 
tion. SaysCalvoer, 1. e. 1. | rtantium< 

siis restituts est loco Offertorii Psalmodia. And this i 
that we have done. We hold the Romish 

abomination, because it attacks the me: 

Christ. Cf. Luther T.Jen. III. 

/ . The i rhich 

reaches into the rem tiquity, in fact which is 

based on nothing Less than the ( 
U ). 1 Cor. 11- rightly been kept in H 

the larger number of Lutheran Litur. 

:is, buther. in his German M 1 it a 

paraphrase and exhortation. But wher 
thanksgiving in place? Calvoer and Rudlebacfa agree with 
Calixtus: "Quia pi 

stat id, quod ante distributioiK-m et sumptionem Dominus 

praestitit, negligendum vel tnsuper habendum id mini- 
ma fuerit." And who would I with them? 

(9) The Ag which th 

pies in this Order d 

fortuity to which most Lutheran Ord 
after the Tax. Hut in m\ 

ice I have followed the Bran CulmbUTg Constitu- 

tions. If Luther's view iA the 

exhortation reminding us oi Christ 

certainly immediately alter the \ 

The Lord's Prayer fa 
where it is found in most Lutheran Ord< reared 

both before and after Luther's Germ 



NOTES. 43 

the most ancient times the Lord's Prayer has been placed in 
close union with the Consecration. Vid. Rudelbach i c. 
§ XXIII. In the old oriental liturgies, according to Renau- 
dot, the Lord's Prayer is the conclusion of the Oratio frac- 
tionis (the prayer to prepare for the reception of the Com- 
munion) and, under such circumstances, one is almost 
inclined to regard the old setting after the Verbis as an Ora- 
tio fractionis. In the early liturgies of the Lutheran Church 
(Doeber 1525, Strasburg 1525, Erfurt 1526) an introduction 
appears to the Lord's Prayer, and in the former two a con- 
cluding prayer is also added. Even the Brandenburg-Nurn- 
burg 1533 retains the Praeceptis salutaribus moniti of the 
Romish Mass. 

(11) Luther, in his Manner of Conducting Mass in a 
Christian Way 1523, retained the Sumtio, and was followed 
in this respect by Bugenhagen, Doeber and others. In later 
Orders the Sumtio is not so generally found, nevertheless 
the need for its use has never been overlooked by the Luth- 
eran Church, as anyone may convince himself by consulting 
a Lutheran Casuistic or Pastoral Theology. (Vid. E. g., 
Missler's Opus Novum p. 358 ; Deyling's Prudent. Pastor, 
p. 471). The Schmalkald Articles, in a well known pass- 
age, do not condemn the practice of the pastor communing 
himself at the time of public celebration, except when there 
is no necessity to do so, as for example the Romish priests. 
Vid. Mueller's edition, Bk of Concord, p. 302. In case of 
extreme necessity, for example, when a minister is in danger 
of death, and cannot secure a colleague for the service, it is 
permissible for him to commune himself. But care should 
be taken, ne incurrat in suspicionem Ministerii a se contemi. . 
Vid. Dunde in Decis. Cas. consc. c. 15. sect. 1. p. 557. 
Prueckner Manuale etc., p. 247. 

(12) The Confessio corporis et sanguinis Christi. With 
the exception of the introductory words, ("This is etc.") 



44 NOTES. 

this part is taken from the beautiful Wittenberg Order, 
Bugenhagen 1524. Similar confessions are to be found in 
the Anaphores of the Oriental Church. The Confessio in 
the Liturgy of St. Gregory may be rendered in evangelical 
form somewhat as follows: — 

"The holy Body and precious Blood of our Lord Jesus 
Christ, the Son of God. 

R. Amen. 

This is indeed and in truth the Body and Blood of Im- 
mannel, our God. 

A\ Amen. 

I believe, I believe, I believe and will confess t<> nr 
breath that this is Thy B<>dy which '1 hoii t<><>k<.->t ttpOO Thyself 
in the womb of the pure and blessed Virgin, the Mother of 
Cod, and which, out of unfeigned 1<>w. Tho ' unto 

death for OS. Thou hast given it for the 

sins and for the everlasting Balvation of those who re< 
it. This I believe to be most certainly true." 

At a time, when tin- consciousness of confessional differ- 
ences is exceedingly dull, as it a] esent, 
and when indifference and tin- w<-rd of 
Christ, under the guise of charitj implant theme 

into our Congregational life, it is eminently fitting 

restore the Confessio corporis et Bangui] 

in this particular caution i> to I >r the sal 

the weak ; if the 

processions and elevations, it may be well to omit it 

the service. But Bugenhagen certainly did not think 

it aped a false practice oi the enemy, nor do I 1 

to countenance a false dogma. And in addition we must 

hold with Luther, who, in a short treatise on the S 

ment (1554), declared that the Confer 

among the adiaphora. It might or might no: 

out sin in eitln To Oppose Carlstadt and / 



NOTES. 45 

mentarians he used it, but when some of the other churches 
regarded it with disfavor, he also discontinued it for the sake 
of greater uniformity. But naturally'he wished its use to be 
continued as expressing a confession of the Real Presence. 
He says: — "I permitted the elevation to remain, because it 
may be put to good use, as I also showed in my booklet De 
Captiv. Babyl. viz., that it is an old custom taken from 
Moses, and retained by the early Church. For what Moses 
says concerning the Urim and Thummin in Deut. 16, any 
layman can read in his Bible, that they were not offerings 
for sin to appease God, as the Papists practice in the sacri- 
fice of the Mass, but sacrifices of praise and thanksgiving 
for the fruits of the field. 

11 The Confessio has an excellent signification; by means of 
the elevation the minister in a powerful manner calls atten- 
tion to the words: "This is my body, etc." as much as to 
say: "See, dear friends, this is the body which was broken 
for you." The elevation is not a symbol of sacrifice, as the 
Papists foolishly affirm, but an exhortation to move the 
people to a hearty acceptance of the doctrine of the Real 
Presence. In this there is not a syllable concerning sacri- 
fice." Thus far Luther. 

(13) The Distribution Formula. If the Communion is 
administered to groups, from twelve to fifteen communicants 
gather around the altar at one time. The Formula of Dis- 
tribution is not of sufficient length to reach for the entire 
group, even if several are communed with the utterance of 
each phrase. Often, however, only one or two communi- 
cants remain. In such cases, while communing them, it is 
not necessary to repeat the entire formula, but only a part, 
as: "This is the body — The precious blood of Christ," or: 
"Given for you — Shed for you." The Amen must be said 
at least once during the distribution, after the Votum. It is 
likewise incorrect to omit the Amen after the Confessio Cor- 



46 NOT 

poris et sanguinis. — The Distribution Formulae of the Luth- 
eran Church differ widely, though all are confessions of the 
Real Presence. The addition of the word "true" was made 
after the Sacramentarians began to deny this truth. Though 
the Formulae differ in their phr their inner m 

ing is nevertheless practically the same in every instance. 
(14) The Nunc Dimittis. This part is in the same | 
which it holds in the oldest liturgies of the church Bi 
hagen 1524, Doebei trasburg 1525. In the Luen< 

Liturgy [657 the Twenty-third Psalm is placed before the 
Collect of Thanksgiving, but for the con 
vice Nunc Dimittis is ordered. And indeed what could be 
more appropriate than to chant Simeon's Psalm just 

before leaving the sanctuary after : hai 
nient. Calvdr I. 715. reproduces a fine pas 
mus: Sacris peractis et eucharisti celebratione finita 
iv\i,v n-a/ >!-/■>, 1 A diacono pronunciatam, populo discedendi 
fiebatpotestas, quod in Liturgia Chrysostomi intelligitur illis 

verbis m, h. e.. 

demittit populum. sum- 

tuni verbum e Simeonis cautico 

- quae ibidem recitanutur. In atium 

ecclesiis toto actio celebrationis 

ditur hoc hymno, quern fiexis genibus populus concinit, 
quod est pulcherrimum et sanctissimum institutem. 



ORDER OF THE MORNING SERVICE 

On Sundays and Festivals when there 
is no Communion. 

When the sermon is ended and the announcements made, the minis- 
ter, having- pronounced the Votum, descends from the pulpit. The 
congregation sings a concluding hymn. e. g-., "Lord, keep us stead- 
fast in Thy word.'' The minister meanwhile approaches the altar, 
and, at the conclusion of the hymn, uses either the following 

;££bottatton to prater. 

Elect of God, it becometh you to beseech the 
Father of all mercies, through our ever-blessed Lord 
Jesus Christ, to give increase and prosperity to the 
Gospel; to send faithful laborers into His harvest, 
and graciously to preserve those whom He hath al- 
ready sent ; to enlighten both the teachers and 
hearers of His Word to the glorification of His 
blessed Name, the increase of His Kingdom and 
the fulfillment of His will. 

And it becometh 3^011 also to pray for an upright 
and Christian government ; for all who are in au- 
thority and set to rule over us, so that we may 
lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and 
honesty, and receive and use our daily bread and 
whatsoever belongs to our temporal necessities. 

4? 



48 ORDKR OF THE MORNING SERVICE. 

Further you ought also to pray for all men of 
whatsoever state and condition, for parents, hus- 
bands and wives, craftsmen and laborers, open and 
shameless sinners, that they may be converted ; for 
the sick and dying, women in the perils of child- 
birth and small children, innocently imprisoned, 
mourning widows and orphans, tempted and doubt- 
ing, and for all those who arc in any adve: 
whether in mind, body or estate. The almi{ 
and merciful God have mercy upon them, 
all their sins, grant them an upright, ho: 

eable walk and m according to His 

Word SO that they be overcome by no temptation, 

rve them from all evil of and 

graciously keep them in His fear and faith. A- 

To obtain and receive all these mercies and 
blessings, pray with me in humble faith : — 
Our Father, Who art in II 

If there ire to 

may include them in the proper place in the exhortation, thus: — 
" Pi a\ especi&ll j 



Che Seneral pravcr. 

Beloved in Christ ! Inasmuch as we are all mem- 
bers oi one body, whose Head is Christ, it K 
us to pray for one anothei therefore so 

pray in obedience to the command ot Chris; 
his apostl 



ORDER OF THE MORNING SERVICE. 49 

%et us 1pra£ ! 

Almighty and most merciful God, the Father of 
our Lord Jesus Christ, Lord of heaven and earth, 
most heartily we beseech Thee so to rule and 
govern Thy Church universal, with all its pastors 
and ministers, that it may be preserved in the pure 
doctrine of Thy saving word, whereby faith toward 
Thee may be strengthened, and charity increased 
in us toward all mankind. 

Grant also health and prosperity to all that are in 
authority, especially to the President of the United 
States, and to all our judges and magistrates; and 
endue them with grace to rule after Thy good 
pleasure, to the maintenance of righteousness and 
the hindrance and punishment of wickedness, that 
we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godli- 
ness and honesty. 

May it please Thee also to turn the hearts of our 
enemies and adversaries, that they may cease their 
enmity, and be inclined to walk with us in meek- 
ness and in peace. 

All who are in trouble, want, sickness, anguish 
of labor, peril of death, or any adversity, especially 
those who are in suffering for Thy Name and for 
Thy truth's sake, comfort, O God, with Thy Holy- 
Spirit, that they may receive and acknowledge their 
afflictions as the manifestation of Thy Fatherly will 
and goodness. 



50 ORDER OF THE MORNING SERVICE. 

Cause also the needful fruits of the earth to pros- 
per, so that we may enjoy them in due season. 

These and whatsoever other things Thou wouldst 
have us ask of Thee, O God, vouchsafe unto us for 
the sake of the bitter sufferings and death of Jesus 
Christ, Thine only Son, our Lord and Savior, Who 
liveth and reignetb with Thee and the Holy Ghost, 
one God, world without end. Amen. 

announcement ms which 

have I 

These all desire your inU Remember 

them in your prayers, and be not faithless, but 
believe mo- redly that y<»u will be fa 

through the infinite merit of our Lord and Savior 
Jesus Christ, Who has taught i: -ig: — 

Our Father, Who art in Heaven, etc. 

irhen there ii no Communion, the Bidding Pi 
might mppi lead the Litany inted, 

at the COO which on The 

P. The Lord be with you. 

A\ And with thy spirit. 

F. Bless we the Lord. 

A'. Thanks ! >d. 

Che SeitcMctfcm. 
J Farm far the Exhortation 

Inasmuch as Christ our Meditator and Redeemer 
hath commanded us to God our Fathe: 



ORDER OF THE MORNING SERVICE. 51 

all things necessary, and hath promised that He 
will graciously hear us : 

We pray therefore, first, for the holy Christian 
Church, that God would protect and defend it from 
all unbelief and error and perfect it in the knowl- 
edge of His Word, in true faith, steadfast hope and 
fervent love. 

Secondly, for all ministers, pastors and servants 
of the Church, that God would give them a deep 
and thorough understanding of His blessed Word 
and will and the grace of His Spirit that they may 
live holy lives and walk worthy of their calling. 

Thirdly, for all temporal authority and for all 
who bear the sword, according to the will and com- 
mandment of God, that they may use it for the 
defense of righteousness and the hindrance and 
punishment of wickedness, and that God would 
grant unto them the fear and knowledge of His 
Name, that they be set before us as fathers, under- 
taking nothing contrary to the Word of God, so 
that we may be preserved in the true faith unto the 
blessed appearance of our L,ord Jesus Christ. 

Fourthly, for all husbands and wives, that God 
would grant them His peace, blessing and salvation, 
•according to His promise, so that they may finish 
their earthly course under the cross which God has 
laid upon them, and finally corne to everlasting 
life. 



52 ORDKK OF THK MORNING SERVICE. 

Fifthly, for the youth, that they may be brought 
up in the fear of the Lord, so that the number of 
His elect be speedily accomplished. 

Sixthly, for all faithful - 9, laborers and 

craftsmen, that God would reward their industry 
with nourishment for the body, and keep them in 
fervent love toward one another. 

venihl}\ for all true Christians who are in the 
unity oi the faith, wheresoever they may be. that 
God would preserve them in the true faith, and 
deliver them from the power of the Devil throi 

out all eternity. 

ghthly, for ail that God would seek 

and save them from their Fall, so that they be not 
rtaken by the wrath oi God, nor condemned in 
the day oi Hi- severe judgment. 

Ninthly ^ for all those who. on account of their 
sins, are troubled by evil spirits, that God would 
stretch forth His merciful hand and give then: 
50 that they be not overcome. 

:ihl\ . for all those who are in peril of death ; 
for mothers and those in the perils of childbirth, 
the sick and dyil all who travel on land 

sea. that God would look upon them with g 
mercy, defend them from all harm, and gra- 
ciously help them with His comfort in life and in 
death. 



ORDER OF THE MORNING SERVICE. 53 

Eleventhly, for all those who suffer persecution 
for the sake of the Gospel, or for His Name and 
and truth, that God would be their rock and 
refuge, so that they may remain steadfast in faith 
and hope, and at the end be admitted with the 
faithful confessors of all ages to the glories of ever- 
lasting blessedness. 

Twelfthly, for all our enemies and persecutors, 
who seek after our lives, honor and possessions, 
that God would not charge them with their sin, 
but bring them by His grace to true repentance 
and faith. 

Thirieenthly , for all our friends and benefactors, 
that God would increase in them the fruits of faith 
according to the exceeding richness and abundance 
of His mercy. 

Fourteenthly , for all those who have not yet 
come to the knowledge of Christ the Savior, be 
they Jews, Turks, Heathens, or evil-doers of any 
kind, that God would bring them into His fold 
through the power of His holy Word. 

Fifteenthly \ for all those who are led astray by 
false and pernicious doctrine, that God Himself 
would lead them to the truth by His Spirit, so that 
in the comfort of the true faith they may be brought 
to the everlasting inheritance. 

Finally, that God would be gracious unto us, 
and preserve us from war and bloodshed, from 



54 ORDER OF T*HE MORNING SERVICE. 

famine and pestilence, from all calamity by fire and 
water, from hail and tempest, and from all misfor- 
tune and evil of whatsoever kind ; and that He 
would preserve unto us the fruits of the earth and 
grant us grace to receive the same with faith and 
thanksgiving. To obtain all of these things, pray 
therefore in the Name of our Lord iirist : — 

Our Father, Who art. etc. 

—a mon e on Bund <ls without the 

Communion is like ■ broken column, if a Communion has been 

Announced OH ■ previous Sunday and none present th< I 

ridence that the spiritual life of the congregation is 
in a wretched condition. On such occasions the congregation 
be Udmonithed, at the conclusion of n. of the B 

desiring earnestly the best treasures. For this purpose I append 
the following 

EUvrtntion. 

Dear Friends: The Lord hath instituted Hi- 
Holy Sapper to be desired and received by His 
disciples. Therefor, he Church was formerly 

obedient to Him, and celebrated the Communion 
every Lord's day. Not only one or two individuals 
would then receive, but the whole congregation ; 
even the sick always communed, the elements being 
carried from the altar to their homes. In our 
however, many of our members cannot be per- 
suaded to come frequently to the Table of the Lord, 
nevertheless it should not often occur that the Com- 
munion is altogether omitted from the Morning 



ORDER OF THE MORNING SERVICE. 55 

Service ; and much less should any refuse to come 
after the gracious invitation has been given, as has 
recently happened among us. The command of 
our Lord Jesus Christ : — ''This do, as oft as ye do 
it, in remembrance of me," the need of your souls 
while in this troublesome world, and the precious 
promise of the forgiveness of sins, should move all 
of us earnestly to desire this Bread and this Cup. 
But now we say, We are rich, and increased with 
goods, and have need of nothing ; therefore we do 
not receive what He offers, nor come when He 
invites. Hence it is not surprising that we are 
wretched, poor, blind and naked, full of sin, bur- 
dened with an evil conscience, and without desire 
to do good. And the longer you delay, the worse 
becomes your condition, so that we must all exceed- 
ingly fear God's wrath. I therefore exhort and 
beseech you, dearly beloved brethern, that you be 
more circumspect in the future, consider more 
earnestly the things that belong to your peace, and 
receive grace from the fulness of Christ. For He 
is rich toward all who seek Him, and those who 
come to His Table shall be satisfied with the abun- 
dance of His House. Nor ought any one to say 
that the frequent celebration serves to bring the 
Sacrament into contempt, for those who are rightly 
prepared will always hunger for this Bread and 
thirst for this Drink ; and the more frequently that 



56 ORDKR OF THB MORNING SERVICE. 

they commune, the firmer becomes the persuasion 
that all of the earthly life is only a preparation 
for the celebration of the great Supper on high. 
"Blessed are they that dwell in Thy house, they 
shall still be praising Thee, Sela." God be merci- 
ful to you, and supplant your lukewarmness with 
heavenly earnestness. Amen. 



SUPPLEMENT TO THE ORDER OF THE 
MORNING SERVICE. 

The Oldest Lutheran Form for the Second Part' of the 
Mass or the Communion Service Proper. 

INTRODUCTORY NOTE.— The oldest Lutheran Liturgies (Bugen- 
hagen 1524, A. Doeber 1525, Strassburg 1525, Erfurt 1526) are based 
entirely on Luther's Manner of Conducting Mass in a Christian Way 
1523. Two of these, the first and second, conform to Luther s Manner 
etc., in having the Preface only in part, and what there is of it is in 
immediate union with the Words of Institution, after which the 
Sanctus is introduced. In this Order the characteristic features of 
the individual Prefaces are lost, as a matter of course; but the re- 
tained and commoner form of ihe Preface includes, as it ought, more 
of thanksgiving, and the thanksgiving is thus brought into closer 
relation with the Sacrament, for which the thanks are really to be 
given. The shortening of the Preface occasions no alarm to those 
who know how apt the Lutheran Orders are to omit it altogether, and 
to retain only the Sanctus, c f. e. g., the K. O. v. Brandenbnrg-Nurn- 
burg 1533. If the Sanctus is introduced after the Words of Institu- 
tion, then the Agnus can properly be set in its former place, viz., 
after the Pax. In this way no break will occur between the Words of 
Institution and the Lord's Prayer, and the temptation to fill up this 
break by means of the Agnus, as is the case in the Chief Order will 
be avoided. Thus also the Agnus retains its peculiar liturgical char- 
acter, for it is to be chanted by the minister and congregation after 
the Pax and before the Distribution, as may be seen by consulting 
the Lutheran liturgies as well as Roman missals. If the Agnus is 
taken, with Luther, as a reminder of the death of Christ, it cannot, 
accordiug to the ancient setting, be placed after the Pax, for this 
places it immediate^* after the Consecration, as may be learned from 
the Roman missals ; but even if placed after the Pax it still remains 
a reminder of Christ's death, and powerfully expresses the Church's 
earnest longing for the heavenly gifts. If it is desired to preserve 
the ancient setting of the Lord's Prayer, either the Preface inaj' be 



58 SUPPLEMENT. 

omitted, as in the Brandenburg-Nurnburg 1533, and the Sanctus 
introduced between the Verba and Lord 8 Prayer, as is fully justified 
by Lutheran principles,— or the Preface may be generalized in order 
to have the Sanctus follow the Verba,— or place the Agnus according 
to the Bayreuther Chorordnung, i. e.. the Chief Order. I have pre- 
served in this edition the arrangement of the Bayreuther Order, 
because such arrangement retain all the ancieir. 

of the ComnmnJ in which the maintenance of the train of 

worshipful thought fully com; r the tra- >( the 

Agnus:— and it may be that the order in the ni of this 

Liturgy ha- found favor. The : tiful and oldest 

Lutheran Order:— 

1. A hymn, in place of the Offert- 

2. 1 • 

I\ The Lord be with ; 

A\ And with thy spirit. 

I\ Lilt up your heai 

R. We lift them up unto the Lord. 

P. Let as give thanks onto the Lord our ( 

R. It is meet and right so to 

1\ It is truly meet, right and salutary that 
should at all times and in all 
unto Thee, Lord. Holy 1 Almighty, 1 

lasting God, through Jesus Christ rd. 

hich the minister t*l aen in his 

hand, he goes on:— 

>n. 

Who in the night of His betrayal took b; 
gave thanks, brake it, and gave it to 1 
saying :—Take, eat. this is my body, broken for 
you. This do in rememb: I the 

same manner also He took the cup. when he 



SUPPLEMENT. 59 

supped, gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying : 
— Drink ye all of it, this cup is the New Testament 
in My Blood, which is shed for you for the remis- 
sion of sins. This do, as oft as ye do it, in remem- 
brance of Me. 

4. Choir and congregation here join in singing:— 

Holy, Holy, Holy Lord God of Sabaoth. Heaven 
and earth are full of Thy glory. Praise be to Thee 
in the highest. Blessed is He that cometh in the 
Name of the Lord. Hosanna in the highest. 
5. 

P. Let us pray. Our Father, Who art in 
Heaven, — Lead us not into temptation. 

R. But deliver us from evil. 

All: Amen, 

P t Grant us our petitions through Jesus Christ, 
Thy Son, our Lord, Who liveth and reigneth with 
Thee and the Holy Ghost, one God, world without 
end. 

R. Amen. 

6. Pax. 

P. The peace of the Lord be with you always. 
R. And with thy spirit. 

7. The minister and congregation then chant the Agnus. 

8. The Exhortation, if there be one. 

9. Prayer before receiving, as in the Chief Order. 

10. Sumtio — Confessio Corporis et sanguinis Christi — distributio. 

11. Nunc Dimittis. 

12. The Conclusion, as in the Chief Order. 

The above Order might be used alternately with the Chief Order, 
especially on days when there is no full service. 



|0 PPLKMENT. 

The Arrangement of the Second Part of the M 
as Most Widely Used in the Lutheran Church. 

It is joined to Luther's German Mass of 1526, and is as follow-: — 

1. Preface. 

2. B 

3. Exhortation. Absolution. Thanksgiving and Pra> 

4. Lord's Prayer. 

5. Verba Testamenti. 

6. Distribution. 

- During the Distribution hymns, among them the Agnu- 
be sin ' rvice is concluded as in the Chief Order, except the 

Nunc Dimittis. The place of the Lord's Prayer in this Ordc ■: 
be observed. 



c. 

INTROITS, VERSICLES AND COLLECTS 

For the Sundays and Festivals of the 
Church-Year. 

UntroDuctorE Ittotes. 

The derivation of the word Collect is uncertain. Whether 
it is to be understood as the prayer of the collected congre- 
gation, or as the Collect a, i. e., the summary of all those 
things for which God ought to be petitioned, is a question 
which I am willing to let others determine. But which- 
ever way it is taken, the Collect is that prayer of the con- 
gregation which comprehends in a single sentence or 
petition all those things, which the congregation believes 
to be necessary for its welfare on a particular day or under 
particular circumstances. A single petition, addressed to 
God the Father, in the Name of the only begotten Son, as 
the Son Himself commanded ; a single sigh from the con- 
gregation direct to the Father's heart, and a single word 
concerning which all are agreed, this is the Collect; and 
the more it comprehends of this definition, the more it is 
the Collect. The Collects of the early Christians are in 
this respect simply glorious. The distinct characteristic 
of the Collect is thus largely lost already, if the petition is 
addressed to the Son, instead of to the Father; and to 
make it consist of more than a single petition is a total 
perversion of its underlying idea. The collection of Col- 
lects (found in every Church Book or Book of Worship) 

til 



62 INTROITS, Ktc. 

will give us abundant material to form our own judgment, 
with respect to each one. 

If, as sometimes happens, three Collects are used, the 
first is always the one for the day. while the other two 
may be of a general character. Text Collects were un- 
known to the early Church. 

The custom, to begin the three Collect the 

Epistle with one peculiar to tin tained in the 

oldest Lutheran Liturg half of the Church 

Year Festival Collects are appointed, but f<>r the s^ 
half • ntment i^ m 

lor each Sunday, a- the R<»manum ch 

shows, In in the minister him- 

Collects for the second Church Year, but 

matter of course lie B4 ppro- 

priate to the seal 

Quite early in the fa f the Protestant Church ■ 

spirit of opp i the ancient 

Little Ufl I in Reformation 

times, to I :ently the 

one all pervading 
translation "frequently." 

simp i add 

or Subtract Hut under these circu: 
taken to combine of the older 

soon to make iu. with the 

exception oi the introdud not of a 

kind with those from earlier I 
making of new Collects was under', 
for all the peculiarities of the time- 
Until the Reformation the Church 

of instruction for the Church ; everything to be 
leariu leaned from the Churc nder 

such circumstances tin 



INTROITS, Etc. 63 

val was necessarily a Collect de tempore. But iu the 
Reformation the Church Year, as the book of instruction, 
was compelled to yield to the written Word, from which 
man was to learn what to experience and what to do ; the 
texts and their contents became not simply the centers of 
the public worship, but tended constantly to become the 
all in all. Then began the making of Text Collects, pray- 
ers which are a kind of responsory to the texts. They are 
expressions of the divine Word as the faith of the people 
comprehends it. In the field of making Text Collects two 
men are to be mentioned who are without peers. The 
first was the noble pastor of St. Sebald, M. Veit Dietrich. 
He published, from his Summaries of the Old and New 
Testaments (Wittenberg 1541) and Summaries of Christian 
Doctrine for Young People, Things to be Learned from 
the Gospels Together with Appended Prayers. These 
prayers, which are also found in his Postils, conform 
closely to the old Collects, simple and clear ; but they are 
not as original as those of the other author, M. John 
Mathesius, whose Devotional and Christian Prayers For 
Every Condition of the Church of Christ in St. Joachims- 
thal was published in Nurnburg 1568. The excellent 
Christian Liturgy of Austria, 157 1, contains a rich collec- 
tion of Collects for Sundays, Festivals, as well as for all 
the needs of the Church. In this collection the sweet 
devotional spirit of the devout Mathesius is apparent 
throughout. — The Church Books of Gotha, Weimar, Co- 
burg and others came with later and larger collections, 
but which, it must be admitted, do not excel the Christian 
Liturgy. 

It is surprising that our Liturgies, which are drawn so 
freely from Romish sources, do not contain more of the 
Roman Collects. Certainly some of those contained in 
the Missale Romanum, e. g., for Circumcision, Sexage- 



64 IXTROITS, Etc. 

sima, Invocavit, etc., are totally unfit for use, but these 
few do not invalidate the others ; by far the larger number 
are of superior quality, and easy to reproduce in the 
modern languages. (In the third edition of Loehe by 
Deinzer a complete collection of Collects for all the 
Sundays and Festivals of the Church \\ ren. This 

collection has been made from Loehe- E\ mgelienbuch 
and the Evangelical Lutheran Churck 

with special i however, to the original I 

text. Tr.) 

In concluding these introducl 
to be said :— If the Coll ither, the 

conclusion is : ''Through Jesus Christ, Thy Son. our Lotd, 
etc.," if addressed to the Son: "Who lives! 
with the Father and the H0I3 Ghost, ever 1 

if the Son is named in the bud 

the same, Th but if the S 

until at the end: u O Thou Who In [f the 

lect is addressed to the H<>1\ Gh 

mentioned in the body of the ( Delu- 

sion is: "Through Jesus Christ, Who liveth and reigneth 
in unity with Thee and the P 
without end." But th: 

The Litany Collects will be examined in tluir proper 
place. 

(The Introits, Vi ind Collet and in all the 

Church 1 d on this account, b 

from this translation. Tr. 



13. 

ORDERS AND FORMS OF THE OTHER 
SERVICES. 

I. 

©rfcet of Service for Gatecbf3attoru 

The service begins with a hymn, suitable to the part of the Cate- 
chism to be studied. During the last stanza the minister approaches 
the altar and reads, whenever possible alternately with the congre- 
gation, one of the following Psalms i; 19; 34; 119, 1-19. 

Then: 

P. The Lord be with you. 
R. And with thy spirit. 
P. Let us pray : 

ALMIGHTY and everlasting God, inasmuch as 
it is Thy will that not one of the least of these 
Thy children be lost, but hast sent Thine only Son 
to seek and to save them, and through Him hast 
commanded us to suffer the little children to come 
unto Thee, for of such is the Kingdom of God : we 
beseech Thee to bless and rule our youth with Thy 
Holy Spirit, that they may grow and increase in 
Thy Word, and give Thy holy Angels charge over 
them, that they may be protected and defended 
against all harm and danger, through Jesus Christ, 
Thine only Son, our Lord. Amen. 

Or: 

65 



66 ORDKR OF SERVICE FOR CATECHIZATIoX. 

A ALMIGHTY God, our Heavenly Father, inas- 
much as our salvation depends on a right 
knowledge of Thy Word : grant to these children 
here assembled, we beseech Thee, freedom from all 
worldly thoughts and entanglements, that they 
may hear and learn Thy Word with all zeal and 
diligence, so that they may daily grow and inc: 
in the saving truths of the same, believe from their 
hearts the holy Gospel, and remain steadfast in 
obedience to Thy holy will, through J .rist, 

our Lord, etc. 

(\ ALMIGHTY, Ever! rant, we be- 

ch Thee. that, as Thine only begotten 
Son, because of His great love fcr Thy h< 
mained in the temple for three days and was found 
sitting among the doctors by His Mother, tl 
children also may have an earnest des Thy 

house, cling to Thy Word and its saving truths, 
increase and grow in knowledge and wisdom, in 
virtue and obedience toward Thee and all mankind, 
and attain to the full stature of manhood in Christ. 
Thine only and well beloved Son. to the praise of 
Thy Holy Name, to the great joy of the saints 
and to their own eternal salvation, through I 
Christ, etc. 

Following the- -lie ininisu 

P. Let us recite the holy cat. 



ORDER OF SERVICE FOR CATECHIZATION. 67 

I. 

What is the first Commandment? 
Thou shalt have no other gods before Me ! 

In similar manner all the other questions are answered. 

What is the second Commandment? 
What is the third Commandment? 
What is the fourth Commandment ? 
What is the fifth Commandment? 
What is the sixth Commandment ? 
What is the seventh Commandment? 
What is the eighth Commandment? 
What is the ninth Commandment ? 
What is the tenth Commandment ? 
What does God say concerning all these 

Commandments ? 

II. 

1. P, What is the first article of our Chris- 
tian faith ? 

2. P. What is the second article of our Chris- 
tian faith? 

3. P. What is the third article of our Chris- 
tian faith? 

III. 
P. Let us pray : Our Father, Who art in 
Heaven, etc. 

Note. The Lord's Prayer may also be said in questions and an- 
swers. 
P. What is the introduction to the Lord's Prayer ? 
P. What is the first petition ? etc., etc. 
P. What is the conclusion ? 



1. 


P. 


R. 


Tb 


n similar 1 


2. 


P. 


•3. 


P. 


4. 


P. 


5. 


P. 


6. 


P. 


7. 


P. 


8. 


P. 


9. 


P. 


10. 


P. 


11. 


P. 



68 ORDER OF SERVICE FOR CATECHIZATIOX. 

IV. 

P. What are the words of our Lord Jesus Christ 
concerning holy Baptism ? 

R. In the last chapter of St. Matthew, verse 
19 : — Go ye therefore, etc. 

V. 

P. 4 What are the words of our Lord Jesus Christ 
concerning the holy Sacrament of the Altar? 

R. The holy Evangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke, 
together with St. Paul write thus : etc. 

VI. 

P. What are the words of our Lord Jesus Christ 
concerning the office and power of the Keys? 

R. The Lord Jesus said to His disciples : He 
that heareth you, etc. 

For the sake of variety only one of the chief parts of the Catechism 
may be used, but then always with Luther's explanations. 

Two boys then come to the entrance to the chancel, somewhere 
near the font, so that they may be easily seen and heard by the con- 
gregation. They then ask and recite alternately one of the parts 
of the small catechism, together with Luther's explanation. The 
parts shall be taken in their order. On high Festivals the Questions 
of Rosinus or Bellinus shall be asked and answered in similar man- 
ner (Vid. Loehe's House. — School and Church-Book, Part i.) When 
the boys have finished their part, the boys and girls shall antipho- 
nally recite suitable hymns. 

The catechist then takes up a part of the catechism, and begins to 
catechise not only the children and those to be confirmed, but also 
the older and matured members of the congregation. Adults shall 
not be forbidden to ask questions, state doubts or whatever may 
trouble them, so that the minister may encourage or warn them as 
need may require. 



ORDER OF SERVICE FOR CATECHIZATION. 69 

When the catechization has been completed, the minister, accord- 
ing to circumstances, admonishes obedience to the truth, and ex- 
horts to prayer. The children then kneel, and pray in concert: — 

[ ORD God, Heavenly Father, most heartily do 
^ we thank Thee that Thou hast kindled the 
light of Thy holy Word and hast granted it to shine 
in us, and we beseech Thee that Thou wilt not per- 
mit Satan nor this evil world to extinguish it from 
our hearts. Be merciful to us, dear Father, for we 
are especially liable to such temptation. We are 
young and inexperienced, and constantly need to 
be instructed and trained in Thy fear, so that the 
older we grow the more we may know of Thee. 
But the enemies of Thy Word have set themselves 
to lead us into idolatry and superstition, yea, even 
to deprive us utterly of Thy truth. Defend us, we 
pray, from such great evil for the sake of Thine 
own Name, Thou hast said Thou wilt perfect Thy 
praise out of the mouth of babes and sucklings. 
For this grace we beseech Thee now. Give peace 
to Thy Church, and destroy all the enemies of 
Thy Word that threaten us, so that we and our 
brothers and sisters, who are growing to manhood 
and womanhood, may not be deprived of the light 
of Thy holy Word, but be enabled day by day to 
acknowledge, praise and worship Thee, Who, with 
Thine only Son and the Holy Ghost, art our only 
hope, 

R. Amen. 



70 ORDER OF SERVICE FOR CATECHIZATIOX- 

Then all together pray the LORD'S PRAYER, during which the 
prayer-bell is rung. After the prayer one or more verses of a hymn 
are sung. 

The Collect with proper sentence then follows. One or the other 
of the following sentences may be used: 

How amiable are Thy tabernacles, O Lord of 
Hosts. Hallelujah. 

My soul longeth, yea, even fainteth for the 
courts of the Lord. Hallelujah. 

Sanctify us. Lord, through Thy truth. Hallelu- 
jah. Thy Word is truth. Hallelujah. 

O that my ways were directed to keep Thy 
statutes. Hallelujah. Then shall I not be ashamed 
when I have respect unto all Thy Commandm 
Hallelujah. 

I\ The Lord be with you. 

A\ And with thy spirit. 

I\ Let us pray : 

WE thank Thee, I. d. Heavenly I 

that Thou hast preserved unto u> Thy holy 
Word, and hast built us up in Thy faith by 
mighty power : and we beseech Thee graciously to 
forgive as everything that we have done contra: 
the same. Preserve among us this precious treas- 
ure, that through its power we may come to ever- 
lasting Life, through Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, 

our Lord. Amen. 

Or: 

AVE thank Tl. d God, Heavenly Father, 

that Thou hast granted to us to know the 



ORDER OF SERVICE FOR CATECHIZATIOX. 71 

chief parts of the Christian truth ; and most heart- 
ily do we beseech Thee to seal and preserve with- 
out error in our hearts the testimony of the same, 
so that we may remain steadfast in Thy fear and 
faith, always rejoice in hope, and finally obtain the 
end of our faith, even the salvation of our souls, 
through Jesus Christ, etc. 

Or: 

TXTE thank Thee, Lord God, Heavenly Father, 
that Thou hast also deemed our children 
worthy to come to the knowledge of Thy truth as 
it is in Jesus Christ our Savior ; and we humbly 
beseech Thee to enlighten and strengthen their 
hearts and minds by Thy Holy Spirit, to increase 
Thy Kingdom among us, and to keep us in the 
true faith unto everlasting life, through Jesus 
Christ, etc. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with tlry spirit. 

P. Bless we the Lord. 

R. Thanks be to Thee, O God. 

P. The Lord bless thee, etc. 

R. Amen. 



II. 

MATINS AND VESPERS. 

f ntrofcuctorE "Notes. 

i. Early in the morning at about 5:50 o'clock, in winter 
at 7:50, and again about a half hour later, the bells are rang 

announcing the Matins. The Vespers are similarly an- 
nounced ; first ringing at 4:30, in winter 50. 

2. If the 1 don kneels during the Kyrie and 
Lord's Prayer at the close of Matins 

bell is rung during thei 

3. If there ion at Matin- the entire 
service is conducted from th Hut if tin I :non. 

the U rmon and exhortation to p rayer, and the Litany 

her with the Lord's P iay c r and Votum, are all read 

and conducted from the pulpit. 



mi ancient times the Romish Chun 

hours of prayer or horae, as they are »\vn; 

Matins, Lauds. Prime, 

Completorium. The Prime, Ti 

known as the little hoc. stinguish them from tin 

at the beginning and at the ending oi the day. Bach hour 

has its own peculiar character, and together they constitute 

a harmonious whole, sanctifying the entire <i 

The Matins properly belong in the night 
of day. Their distin^uishi: 

the divine Word, which is freely and regular! Nning 

this hour. 



MATINS AND VESPERS 73 

The Lauds mark the dawn. With the breaking morning, 
when the birds and all nature raise their hymn of praise, 
man also lifts up his heart in song and thanksgiving for the 
blessings of providence and redemption. Praise is the 
feature of this hour. 

The Prime belongs to the beginning of the day's activi- 
ties, when the day's trials and duties stand fresh before us. 
Earnest supplications characterize this hour. 

The Terce, (9 o'clock,) Sext (Noon,) Nones (3 o'clock,) 
hallow forenoon, noon, and afternoon respectively, and have 
much the same character as the Prime, dividing with it the 
119th Psalm, to point in the toil and sweat of the day to the 
testimony of the Word of God, so richly present in every 
part of this Psalm. 

The Vespers review the course of the day, and conclude 
it, collect the soul from all diversions, care and sorrow, and 
finally move it to praise and thanksgiving for the protecting 
care and riches of divine grace. 

The Completorium looks forward into the night, and con- 
templates its terrors and the works of darkness. It is the 
season of evening prayer, by means of which the Christian 
commits his body and soul into the care of his Creator and 
Redeemer. 

These hours go in pairs; Matins and Lauds, Prime and 
Terce, Sext and Nones, Vespers and Completorium conform 
to each other. 

All the hours consist of four major parts; Hymn, Psalm- 
ody, Lessons and Oration (Prayer) which are bound to- 
gether into one harmonious whole by means of minor parts. 
In five of the hours (Matins, Prime, Terce, Sext and Nones) 
these four parts follow each other as named. Lauds, Ves- 
pers and Complet follow a different arrangement. Lauds and 
Vespers: Psalmody, Lessons, Hymn and Oration; Complet: 
Psalmody, Hymn, Lessons and Oration. These changes 



74 MATINS AND VI.SPF 

may be variously explained. For the first five hours Hymn 
and Oration are the poles; from the joys of inspiration the 
soul ascends to the rest of the firm and clear petition- of the 
Colic- ut appro- 

priation of tl: en by th ^i'irit, 

and cementing the communion of the Church with her I 
groom. The Lauds 

giving, in ascendinj I on this account the Hymn, 

which ex] joy of the soul, i 

the beginning of • at must be the third of the 

parts. The \t :n with ] I 

dom from the thing 

jht in thifl Thro:. 

son- the • 

plet. which has qui 

ascends in wonderful man: 

becomes manifest by I the 

selected Psalmfl and BUppll ivmn. 

Tlie 1 Ivnm i- lure like . hich 

tlu- divim 
pra] 

The mi] 

and give form to the four may 

J and ^i different kind- I the 

Matins stands the m. and before this t: 

tory, a short antiphon, both of which 
devotion and worship. The Psalms have the:: 

means oi which they are brought in' 

the Beason; th< 

answer to the divine Word; tin 
the Beasons, ami when festival jo; 
tions and stror 

(suffraj riptural and antipli 

The Hymns ible, Tl. 



MATINS AND VESPERS. 75 

ranged for the different days and hours. The Matins have 
continuous Lessons, from the Scriptures, from the lives of 
the saints and from the homilies of the fathers. The 
other hours have short, suitable capitula et breves lect- 
iones. Unity in variety and variety in unity distinguish 
the course of the hours ; and the Breviarium Romanum, 
which contains all these parts, is a well arranged prayer- 
book, to which, with the exception of dogmatic errors, 
we might give more attention than is generally the case. 

The early Lutheran Church did not fail to give such 
attention , but on the contrary, the daily morning and 
evening services, Matins and Vespers, for which full pro- 
vision is made in our books, root entirely in the hours. 
In the Romish Church the hours with the exception of 
Vespers are for the priests only ; but in the Lutheran 
Church they are for the laity as well ; since, however, the 
laity cannot participate in public prayer as frequently as 
eight times a day, the eight hours have among us been 
reduced to two, Matins and Vespers, the observance of 
which has been made obligator} 7 in the schools. 

The Lutheran Matins and Vespers correspond to the 
same Roman hours, except that the Benedictus has been 
added to the Matins from the Lauds and the Nunc Dimittis 
to the Vespers from the Completorium. 

The four component parts are retained in the Lutheran 
services. As far as the selection of hymns, psalms and 
lessons is concerned, we have had to make a selection of 
our own, because we observe only two instead of eight 
hours. Among us there is also greater freedom in the 
selection of these parts than among the Romanists. 

The Latin hymns, invitatories, responsories and anti- 
phons fell into disuse with the discontinuance of the Latin 
schools, and the psalmody also was supplanted by the 
metrical versions which were believed to be better adapted 



76 MATINS AND VESPERS. 

for worship. After these parts once fell into disuse, it 
was altogether out of the question to think of restoring 
the Preces, which seem to have vanished quite early from 
the Orders of the Lutheran Church. Matins and Vespers 
now contain a hymn, a lesson, a prayer, another hymn, 
collect and benediction, — and this in place of the riches of 
antiquity. 

In the following Orders I have restored the old Lutheran 
Matins and Vesper s . The Confession, which ii 
the common introduction to both services, is clearly 
necessary for the new man. who mnst always approach 
God acknowledging his sin and guilt before him. 

The InvitatO r with the 95th Psalm are re- 

served for the Festivals, Pot the music see Los--. 

The tunes for the P e found in Horns 

Liturgy, or in his Psalter which is prepared with m 
and which also conti :~<>r the antij 

h sis. 

The Pn n further 

on In this work. It is ear: that they will find 

some ust- in our COttgl I 

On week days, in the Lutheran Church : mon 

belong to the Matins, and catechizatiou to the Ye- 



INTRODUCTION TO THE DAILY 

SERVICES. 

A. 
IbBtnn. 

"Come, Holy Spirit," or of similar import. 

B. 
©petting Sentences* 

The Lord is in His Holy Temple ; let all the 
earth keep silence before Him. 

From the rising of the sun even unto the going 
down of the same, my Name shall be great among 
the Gentiles ; and in every place incense shall be 
offered unto my Name, and a pure offering ; for 
my Name shall be great among the heathen, saith 
the Lord of Hosts. 

Let the words of my mouth, and the meditations 
of my heart, be acceptable in Thy sight, O Lord, 
my Strength and my Redeemer. 

C. 
Confession. 

ALMIGHTY, Everlasting God, Father of our 

Lord Jesus Christ, Maker of all things and 

Judge of all mankind, we confess unto Thee, that 

77 



78 MATINS AND VESPEl 

we have been conceived and born in sin, disobedient 
of Thy Word and will, inclined toward all evil and 
indifferent toward that which is good ; we have 
offended Thy divine Majesty, and transgressed Thy 
Holy Commandments by thought, word and deed; 
and we deserve at Thy hands present and everlast- 
ing punishment. But we are heartily sorry for 
these our sins and misdeeds; and we seek and 
implore Thy grace. Be merciful unto us, gracious 
God and Father, and spare us for the sake of Thine 
only begotten Son, J .irist our Lord : forj 

U our sins, and grant us Thy Holy Spirit, that 
we may be kept in the knowledge of Thy will, and 
ill true penitence and faith, so that we in a 
Thee in holiness ad final! □ the 

salvation of our BOUls, for the sake of our Lord 
Jesus Christ. 

All shall >ay: All 

P. Almighty God hath had mercy upon us. and 
through the foi ss of our sins briugeth us 

unto everlasting life. 

/v. Amen. 

1\ Almighty and M il God granteth 

us absolution and the forgiveness oi all 0U1 
A\ Amen. 

P. Turn us, O God of OUl ion. 

A\ And cause Thine anger toward us to « 

The Matin- or \ thif point without interruption. 



II. 

THE MATINS OR EARLY SERVICE. 

A. 
ITntroDucttorL 

P. O Lord, open Thou my lips: 

R. And my mouth shall show forth Thy praise. 

P. Make haste, O God, to deliver me : 

R. Make haste to help me, O Lord. 

P. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and 
to the Holy Ghost: 

R. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
shall be, world without end. Amen. Hallelujah! 

N. B. In the Passion season the Hallelujah is omitted, and in- 
stead: — Praise to Thee, O Lord, We sing-, Of mercy the eternal King 
"Then follows, especially on Festivals, the Invitatory: — 

O come, let us worship and bow down before the 
Lord, our Maker. 

With the Psalm VENITE EXUI/TEMUS:— 

Ps. 95. O come, let us sing unto the Lord, etc. 

At the end of the Venite the Gloria is sung and the Invitatory is 
repeated. 
Then follows: 



-The invitatories for the Festivals are from Lossius: — 
i. Christmas. Christus natns est nobis. Venite, etc. 

2. Epiphany Christus apparuit nobis Venite, etc. 

3. Easter. Halleluja ! Halleluja ! Halleluja ! Venite, etc. 

4. Easter Monday Surrevit Dominus vere. Venite, etc. 

5. Ascension. Halleluja ! Regem ascendentum in coelum. Venite. 

6. Whitsunday. Halleluja ! Spiritus Domini replevit orbem terra- 
rum Venite. 

7. Trinity. Deum verum unum in trinitate et trinitatem in unitate. 
Venite. 

8. Purification. Ecce venit ad templum sanctum suum Dominator 
Dominus. Gaude et laetare Sion, occurrens Deo tuo. Venite. 



80 MATINS AND VESPERS. 

B. 

Gbe Ibgmn. 

After the Hymn: — 

P. O satisfy us early with Thy mercy ; 
R. That we may rejoice and be glad all our 
days. 

< \ 

Zbc psalmofc£. 

From one to three Psalms arc sung or read. 

Each verse of the Psalms is divided into parallel members by means 
of the colon, t :) and is read antiphonally by minister and congregation, 
or by two parts of the congregation it- 

Each Psalm concludes with the minor Gloria (Gloria Patri). 

At Matins the Psalms are read consecutively, but for the Festivals a 
special selection has been made, which will be found in the Lectiouary. 

D. 
Zbe 1*000110. 

Viz., as many as there were Psalms. 

The lessons are either from the Lectionary according to the Church 
Year, or the minister may make his own selection, either consecutively 
or with reference to the season, It selected consecutively, for Matins 
they are taken from the Old Testament and for Vespers from the New. 

At the end of each lesson the reader says: — 

O Lord, have mercy upon us. 

And the congregation responds: — 

Thanks be to Thee, O Christ. 

In connection with the lessons there may be a short homily or ad- 
dress. 

After the lessons follows the Oration, beginning with the TE DEUM 
or the BENEDICTUS.* 



-On Friday TE DEUM or BEXEDICTUS is omitted, the prayer be- 
ginning with the Kyrie, which is immediately followed by the Litany 
and Litany Collects. 



MATINS AND VESPERS. 81 

Then a versicle, and: — 

P. Kyrie, eleison, 

R. Lord, have mercy upon us. 

P. Christe, eleison. 

R. Christ, have mercy upon us. 

P. Kyrie, eleison. 

R. Lord, have mercy upon us. 

Then all say the Lord's Prayer. 

P. O Lord, hear my prayer. 

R. And let my cry come unto Thee. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Let us pray. 

One or more Collects are then read; the first a Collect de tempore, the 
others according to circumstances 

If there is more than one Collect, the full conclusion is used only 
with the last ; but the Amen is sung at the end of each, and the saluta- 
tion is repeated as many times as the number of Collects. 

After the completed Oration [Prayer] again: — 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Bless we the Lord. 

R. Thanks be to Thee, O God. 

Gbe JSene&icttom 

R. Amen. 



III. 



VESPERS OR EVENING SERVICE. 

A. 
Untrotmction. 
P. O Lord, open Thou my lips. 
R. And my mouth shall show forth Thy praise. 
P. Make haste, O God, to deliver me. 
R. Make haste to help me, O Lord. 

The Gloria Patri with Hallelujah, or in the Passion season, Praise to 
Thee, O Lord, We sing. Of mercy the eternal King. 



Gbe iPsalmoDv?. 

At Vespers also from one to three Psalms may be used. The selec- 
tion is either continuous with that at Matins, or from the following 
table. 


Sunday. Monday. Tuesday. 


Wednesd 

127. 
128. 
180. 
130. 
181. 


Thursday 


Friday. 


Saturday 


110. llrt. 122. 

111. lie. l()-i; ( . i-_>:;. 

112. 117. V2\. 
WW. L20. 126. 

114,115. 121. 126. 


132. 
138. 
135 
138. 
187. 


139. 
140. 

HI. 
1 IS. 


144. 
145. 

1 16. 

157. 
M7. 12-20. 



Selections from tbe psalter for /ftatins an£ Uespcrs 
for ffour lUeefcs. 



FIRST WEEK. 

Matins, S. 19. 24, 26, 30, :):). 38. 
Vespers. 12, 28, 25. 27. 82, 34, 4(>. 

SECOND WEEK. 

Matins, 47. 53, 57. tvi. 08, 72, 77. 
Vespers, 51. 58, 60, 66, t>7. 7 



THIRD WEEK. 

Matins. M. 96, 91, 08, 96, 98, 100 

Vesp, -. 103. 

FOURTH WEEK. 

Matins. 111. 121. 134, 129, 136 

I4t>. 
Vespeis. 1K>. 122, 126, 180, 

145. 1. 



N 



MATINS AND VKSPERS. 83 

C. 

Gbe TLeesoxxe, 

And in addition the ancient Capitulum: 

i. From Sunday to Friday: 2 Cor. 1: 3, 4. 

1 'Blessed be God, even the Father of our Lord 
Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and the God of 
all comfort, who comforteth us in all our tribula- 
tion." 

2. Saturday: Romans 11: 33. 

"O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom 
and knowledge of God ; how unsearchable are his 
judgments, and his ways past finding out !" 

The lessons are selected either according to the Church Year or con- 
tinuously ; in the latter event, they may be entirely from the New 
Testament. 

The lessons are concluded in the same manner as at Morning Prayer. 

D. 
TLbe 1b£mn, 

After which : — 

P. Let my prayer be set forth before Thee as 
incense; 

R. And the lifting up of my hands as the even- 
ing sacrifice. 

E. 

£be ©ration (prater.) 

The MAGNIFICAT or NUNC DIMITTIS is then sung by the congre- 
gation. 

P. Kyrie, eleison. 

R. Lord, have mercy upon us. 



84 MATINS AND VESPERS 

P. Christe, eleison. 

R. Christ, have mercy upon us. 

P. Kyrie, eleison. 

R. Lord, have mercy upon us. 

Then all shall say the Lord's Prayer. 

P. Lord, heat my pra; 

A\ And let my cry come unto Thee. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

F. Let us pray. 

Then foil 

Dominnfl Dobtacum. 

JBcnefticamo*. 

JSctieMctto. 

ag the Y include Private Con- 

ther befbfl oe. But in 

either case one or more oft 

and repentance and I - if there 1 - 

be to the same end. 



PRAYERS FOR THE VARIOUS SERVICES 
OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. 

I. 
XLbc XitanE an& XitauE Collects. 

INTRODUCTION. 

The beginnings of the Litany, that intensely supplicatory 
prayer, are found back in the beginnings of Christianity. 
The so-called Bidding or Diaconal Prayers of the Eastern 
Church are of a kind with the Litanies of Western Christian- 
ity. There is, however, some difficulty to show exactly the 
development of the latter from the former. Luther found 
numerous forms of the Litany already at hand. In the 
Romish Church three Litanies especially have obtained wide 
circulation and favor ; the Litany of the Sacred Name of 
Jesus, of the Mother of God, and more particularly the so- 
called "Great Litany." With the first two we have nothing 
to do ; why not, those will readily see who are acquainted 
with their contents. In exchange for them Luther purified 
the "Great Litany," and gave it to the Evangelical Church, 
as a precious spoil, in a German and Latin recension. Be- 
fore Luther's time even this "Great Litany" was not always 
used after the same manner and forms ; for even the Romish 
Church in its general agreement and unity knows a certain 
freedom in minor details. Of this same freedom Luther also 
made use. He not only eradicated all dogmatic error, but 
also arranged the separate parts of the Litany into such form 

85 



86 PRAYERS, Etc. 

as to command our admiration. We have from him two 
forms of the Litany, one Latin and the other German. 

In his History of Church Ceremonies in Saxony ( Dresden 
and Leipsiz 1732) p. 268, Gerber relates that Luther regarded 
the Litany as second only to the Lord's Prayer. I am in- 
deed not aware of the circumstances under which Luther 
made this expression ; but it pleases me greatly, for after 
many years of use I have come to the same conclusion. The 
same delight in the Litany is expressed in a letter from 
Luther to Hausmann, dated March 3rd., 1529, though he 
speaks there rather of the tune to which it is chanted than 
of the Litany itself. The pertinent passages are printed as 
marginal glosses on the pages containing the Litany in the 
Jena edition of Luther's works. "Litania vernacula," he 
says ; "venit ad nos ; quae nobis videtur valde utilis et salu- 
taris. . . . Melodia praecinentibns pureis in medio templi post 
sermonem feriae quartae nobiscum cantari solita, mire afficit 
plebem. Nam latinam in Choro canimus Sabbatho post 
sermonem alia melodia, quae nondnm est excu- 

The same delight, with which Luther's Litany was re- 
ceived in Wittenberg, was manifested in it and encouraged 
elsewhere. In its German form it was incorporated into all 
Lutheran Liturgies and Hymnals. Even the Latin form 
was not neglected, as long as there were Churches and 
Schools in which Latin was used. A glance into Lossius's 
Cantional and other works will prove this fact. 

Relative to the use of the Litany, Lossius, p. 310, gives an 
excellent example of how it may be used as a means of 
preparation for the Communion. Generally it was used on 
Sundays, when there were no communicants, and then as 
conclusion of the services. On Sundays, when there were 
communicants, it was omitted, not simply on account of 
its length, but also because of its intensely supplicatory 
character. It was deemed that its use on such Sundays 



PRAYERS, Etc. 87 

would hinder the joys of the New Testament Passover, 
which characterize every Sunday, but especially Communion 
Sundays. There is therefore no explanation necessary of 
the fact that the rubric appoints the Litany to be sung or 
said on Wednesday or Friday, and especially on Friday 
which is set as the day commemorative of Christ's death, 
and therefore well fitted as a day of penitence and prayer. 
For this reason also in many of the Church Orders the Serv- 
ice of Public Confession and Absolution is preceded by the 
Litany. 

Here and there a rubric is found which directs that the 
Litany be read by the minister ; but this practice has prop- 
erly never gained much favor. The very essence, the majesty 
and power, of the Litany are to be found in the regularly 
recurring responses of the congregation. No one with any 
liturgical instinct, therefore, will say that the minister alone 
ought to read it. To sing or say it antiphonally is the 
proper way to use it. If it is sung, it is usually, though not 
always, without organ accompaniment. 

The arrangement of the petitions into groups, which never 
found much favor, ought not be countenanced at all. The 
power of this prayer, internal as well as external, lies in the 
refrains which follow the intonations, as stroke upon stroke 
of each part. Of each part — for it is sung or said either by 
minister and congregation or by choir and congregation ; 
or as was customary in Wittenberg and other places, by 
some of the choir boys kneeling before the altar and the 
congregation. In the Apostolical Constitutions already the 
children are ordered to take part in the Bidding Prayer. 
(Vid. Calvoer i c. p. 671,) Veit Dieirich, 1544, says: — "Two 
or three catechumens shall kneel before the great altar and 
say the Litany in German, the congregation saying the 
responses." Cf. Zelle 1701. 

The Litany, in its Lutheran form, is like the magnificent 






88 PRAYKRS, Etc. 

cathedrals of the Middle Ages, which become the more 
dear and precious to the heart the more the beauty of sym- 
metrical form and plan is recognized. With humble con- 
fession of sin, and knowing no way of deliverance, except 
by grace and mercy, it lifts the soul in this way all the more 
powerfully to the reverent worship of the Triune God. Its 
Kyrie and its Eleison point — the one to the loftiest heights 
— the other to the lowest depths. Between these heights and 
depths mediates our Lord Jesus Christ, who, as the prayer 
advances, appears more clearly and refreshingly with His 
merit and satisfaction. The Litany begins with an act of 
humble worship, continues with confession of Christ, and 
concludes in the sweet Agnus. The deeper the heart sinks 
itself into this prayer, the stronger will be its cry, and the 
more will its worship become the song of Moses and the 
Lamb — the song of the New Covenant. What a beginning, 
continuation and ending are here ; how thoroughly evan- 
gelical ; how absolutely in accord with the doctrines of our 
Church. Between the three high towers of beginning, con- 
tinuation and end are found the two courses of well arranged 
petitions. And Calvoer i. c. p. 671 correctly remarks that 
the basis of the present form of our Litany is found in 
1 Timothy 2:1, 2. First in order are the deprecationes 
mali, supplications for deliverance from evil ; then follow 
the apprecationes boni, petitions for all manner of good, 
which gradually pass over into iyiterpellationes or interces- 
sions; and finally a thankful prostration of the heart at the 
feet of Jesus, the Lamb of God. Here then are prayers, 
supplications, intercessions and thanksgivings unto Him 
whose will it is to be the Savior of all men, especially of 
them that believe. — Formerly I thought that there was not 
sufficient provision for intercessions for the dying; and con- 
sequently I used to add after the petition: "To strengthen 
all sick persons and young children," the following: "To 



PRAYERS, Etc 89 

grant everlasting salvation unto all the dying." But since 
I see what is actually comprehended in the petitions for de- 
liverance "from sudden and evil death," for salvation "in 
the day of Judgment," and for help "in the hour of death," 
I have room enough to think of all the blessed dead from 
the beginning of the world. — The second course of petitions 
has a happy arrangement. It embraces every condition of 
the Church and world for which it is proper to pray. First 
for the Church, then for all lawfully constituted authority, 
and finally for house and home and whatever concerns each 
individual member. Enemies and the fruit of the fields are 
not forgotten. Indeed everything for which we ought to 
pray is included in one or the other of the petitions. 

In the use of such a form there is no room for weak senti- 
mentality or idle talk; nevertheless it allows before all other 
forms the pressing of specific petitions, for its spirit is as 
elastic as its form is rigid. Here is room for every sigh of 
the heart, and the clear classification of the petitions will 
itself show the earnest worshiper where to introduce special 
petitions, supplications or intercessions. Likewise it is easy 
to determine where to say: "Good Lord, deliver us," or 
"We beseech Thee, to hear us, Good Lord," 

To the indifferent the Litany is indeed a lengthy and 
formal affair. F ung or said by Christless souls, it is certainly 
only a shell, a lifeless form. But when used by the earnest 
Christian, it contains power, spirit and life. No one, who 
has never used it, should pass judgment on it; for if there is 
a spirit to pray, prayer certainly is possible by means of the 
Litany. But where there is no spirit of prayer, there can 
also be no prayer, no matter whether the words are after a 
form as rigid as that of the Litany or as formless as the 
words of those who reject all forms of worship. 

According to the liturgical regulation for the use of the 
Litany, it is fitting to sing or say it at Morning Service on 



90 PRAYERS, Etc. 

Sundays when there is no Communion, and on Wednesdays 
and Fridays. On Sundays it is more appropriate to sing it, 
on account of the festival character of the day; on Wednes- 
days and Fridays it should be said. If it is sung the ap- 
pointment is as follows: — 

i. If there is no Confiteor at the beginning of the Service, 
there may be immediately after the Sermon, either from the 
pulpit or from the altar, a Public Confession and Absolution, 
together with some ex tempore remarks exhorting a devo- 
tional use of the Litany, and a Votum and Amen. 

2. The Litany, which may be accompanied by the organ. 

3. Yersicle — Kyrie Lord's Prayer "Lord, hear my 

prayer" — Salutation — "Let us pray" — One or more Litany 
Collects or a special prayer with one or two Collects — Bene- 
dicamus — Benedictio. 

If the Litany is said, the following order may be ob- 
served: — 

1. Same as in preceding arrangement. 

2. The Litany, alternately by minister and congregation. 
Lord's Prayer by both. 

3. Yersicle — Litany Collects or special prayers and thanks- 
givings. Benedicamus. Benedictio. 

The Lord's Prayer may be said silently, according to 
Luther and the Orders of the ancient Church. Suffrages 
might be added before the Collects. 

(The Litany, being the same as that in our Books of 
Worship, is omitted here. But Loehe's excellent Litanv^to 
the Holy Ghost is given in full. 

I. 

Xttanv? to tbe fx>ls Obost. 

Kyrie Eleison. 

Christe Eleison. 

Kyrie Eleison. 

O Christ Hear ns. 



TKAYKRS, Etc. 



91 



O God, the Father in 
Heaven, 

O God, the Son, Redeemer 
of the world, 

O God, the Holy Ghost, 

Thou Spirit of wisdom and 
understanding, 

Thou Spirit of counsel and 
might, 

Thou Spirit of the knowl- 
edge and fear of the Lord, 

Thou Spirit of love, 

Thou Spirit of joy, 

Thou Spirit of peace. 

Thou Spirit of patience, 
kindness and goodness, 

Thou Spirit of faith, hu- 
mility and chastity, 

Holy Ghost, who triest 

hearts and reins, 
Holy Ghost, Dispenser of 

heavenly grace, 

Thou joy of the angels, 
Thou Comfort of the sor- 
rowing, 
Thou Light of the prophets, 
Thou Wisdom of the apos- 
tles, 



} Have mercy upon us ! 



j 



> Have mercy upon us ! 



)■ Have mercy upon us ! 



92 



PRAYERS, Etc. 



Thou Victory of the holy 
martyrs, 

Thou Anointing of the 
saints, 

Be gracious unto us, 

Be gracious unto us, 

From all sin, 

From the crafts and as- 
saults of the Devil, 

From heresy and pernici- 
ous doctrine, 

From envy and ill-will to 
the brethren, 

From impurity of body and 
soul, 

From indifference in the 
service of God, 

And from all evil spirits , 

Thou Who dost proceed ]\ 
from the Father and the 
Son, 

Thou Who didst over- 
shadow the Blessed Vir- 



)- Have mercy upon us ! 



Spare us, Good Lord ! 
Help us, Good Lord ! 



r* Deliver us, Good Lord! 



gin, 

Thou Who didst descend 
upon the Son of God in 
the form of a dove, 

Thou Who wast poured out 
upon the holy apostles, 



} Help us, Good Lord ! 



PRAYERS, Etc. 



93 



Thou Who hast regenerated ^ 

us in holy baptism, )> Help us, Good Lord ! 

Thou Who dwellest in us, J 
Thou Who intercedest for ^ 

us in groanings that can- [ Hear us, Good Lord! 

not be uttered, J 



beseech 1 



We poor sinners, 
Thee, 

To clease and sanctify all 
the members of Thy holy 
Church, 

To adorn the Bride of Christ 
with manifold gifts, 

To bless and protect our 
Synod, together with all 
its ministers and institu- 
tions, 

To grant us all the spirit 
of prayer and reverent 
worship, 

To govern and sanctify our 
thoughts, words and 
deeds, 

To adorn our lives with pa- 
tience and humility, 

To kindle in us love and 
mercy, 

To clothe us with chastity, 



r Tohearus,GoodLord! 



)- Hear us, Good Lord ! 



94 



PRAYERS, Etc. 



} Hear us, Good Lord ! 



To work in us the peace of 
God, 

To keep us in Thy grace 
and to bring us to ever- 
lasting life, 

Lord God, the Holy Ghost, Have mercy upon us ! 

Lord God, Son of the Father, Have mercy upon us! 

O Christ, Thou Lamb of 

God, that takest away 

the sin of the world : 
^ ^. . ~. T . f > Have merev upon us ! 
O Christ, Thou Lamb of 

God, that takest away 

the sin of the world : 

O Christ, Thou Lamb of} 

God, that takest away - Grant us Thy peace ! 

the sin of the world : 



Christ 


Hear us 




Kyrie 


Eleison. 




Christe 


Eleison. 




Kyrie 


Eleison. 


Amen. 


Lord's 


Prayer. 





II. 



SUFFRAGES (PRECES.) 

Our Matins and Vespers, in common with the canonical hours of 
the Romish Church, make liitle provision for supplications and inter- 
cessions, except when the Litany is used. If these services are con- 
cluded with simply a Collect, the worshiper certainly feel* unsatis- 
fied. In the old Orders there was sufficient hymn, psalter and lesson; 
but for the soul's earnest supplication there was little provision. 
This is especially true of the services on week days, for on Sundays 
and Festivals the joy is so great as to forbid the deeper and humbler 
supplication; everything is praise. The Suffrages have, therefore- 
been taken from the Romish Laudes, Prim and Complet. and placed 
here, in the hope that they will be found appropriate and profitable 
in the place assigned them. Such was the experience o( the author. 
They may be used as they stand in the family, school and church. 
They consist mainly of verses from the Psalms, and are to be said be- 
fore the Collect. They are not tiresome; on the contrary they quicken, 
and arouse the soul for the Collect. It is hoped that their introduc- 
tion here is not in vain. — Litany, Collects. Suffrages. Commemora- 
tions the manifold forms of prayer, which probably comprehend and 
express the liturgical instincts of the people more fully than all 
other liturgical antiphons The first requirement, however, is use 
under a thorough liturgist. who a\so knows how to quicken the under- 
standing. 

THE SUFFRAGES. 

Bt /Jfcattns and THespers. 

Kyrie eleison. Christe eleison. Kyrie eleison. 

lyOrd/s Prayer. (Aloud ; also at Vespers.) 

P. And lead us not into temptation. 
R. Bnt deliver us from evil. 

95 



96 PRAYERS, Etc. 

P. I said, O Lord, be merciful unto me. 

R. Heal my soul, for I have sinned against 
Thee. 

P. Return, O Lord, how long? 

R. And let it repent Thee concerning Thy ser- 
vants. 

P. Let Thy mercy, O Lord, be upon us. 

R. According as we hope in Thee. 

P. Let Thy priests be clothed with righteous- 
ness ; 

R. And let Thy saints shout for joy. 

P. O Lord, save our rulers ; 

R % Let the King hear us when we call. 

P Save Thy people and bless Thine inherit- 
ance ; 

R. Feed them also, and lift them up forever. 

P. Remember Thy congregation ; 

R. Which Thou hast purchased of old. 

P. Peace be within Thy walls ; 

R. And prosperity within Thy palaces. 

P. Let us pray for our absent brethern. 

R. O Thou, our God, save Thy servants that 
trust in Thee. 

P. Let us pray for the broken hearted and the 
captives. 

R. Redeem Israel, O God, out of all his troub- 
les. 

P. Send them help from the sanctuary ; 

R. And strengthen them out of Zion ; 



PRAYERS, Etc. 97 

P. Hear my prayer, O Lord. 

R. And let my cry come unto Thee. 

At MATINS Psalm cxxx., and at VESPERS Psalm li., shall be said. 

Ps. cxxx., De profundis. 

P. Out of the depths have I cried : 

R Unto thee, O Lord. 

P. Lord, hear my voice : 

R. Let thine ears be attentive to the voice of 
my supplications. 

P. If thou, Lord, shouldest mark iniquities : 

R. O Lord, who shall stand ? 

P. But there is forgiveness with thee : 

R. That thou mayest be feared. 

P. I wait for the Lord, my soul doth wait : 

R. And in his word do I hope. 

P, My soul waiteth for the Lord more than 
they that watch for the morning: 

R. I say, more than they that watch for the 
morning. 

P. Let Israel hope in the Lord : 

R. For with the Lord there is mercy, and with 
him is plenteous redemption. 

P. And he shall redeem Israel : 

R. From all his iniquities. 

P. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and 
to the Holy Ghost : 

R. As it was in the beginning, is now, and 
ever shall be, world without end. Amen. 



98 PRAYERS, Etc. 

At Vespers. 
Ps. Li. Miserere viei, 

P. Have mercy upon me, O God, according to 
thy loving kindness : 

R, According unto the multitude of thy tender 
mercies, blot out my transgressions. 

P. Wash me thoroughly from mine iniquity : 

R. And cleanse me from my sin. 

P. For I acknowledge my transgressions: 

R. And my sin is ever before me. 

P. Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and 
done this evil in thy sight : 

R. That thou mightest be justified when thou 
speakest, and be clear when thou judgest. 

P. Behold I w T as shapen in iniquity : 

R. And in sin did my mother conceive me. 

P. Behold, thou desirest truth in the inward 
parts: 

R. And in the hidden part thou shalt make me 
to know 7 wisdom. 

P. Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean : 

R. Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow. 

P. Make me to hear joy and gladness: 

R. That the bones which thou hast broken may 
rejoice. 

P. Hide thy face from my sins : 

R. And blot out all mine iniquities. 

P. Create in me a clean heart, O God : 



PRAYERS, Etc. 99 

R. And renew a right spirit within me. 

P. Cast me not away from thy presence : 

R. And take not thy Holy Spirit from me. 

P. Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation : 

R. And uphold me with thy free Spirit. 

P. Then will I teach transgressors thy ways : 

R. And sinners shall be converted unto thee. 

P. Deliver me from blood-guiltiness, O God, 
thou God of my salvation : 

R. And my tongue shall sing aloud of thy right- 
eousness. 

P. O Lord, open thou my lips : 

R. And my mouth shall show forth thy praise. 

P. For thou desirest not sacrifice, else would I 
give it: 

R. Thou delightest not in burnt offering. 

P. The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit : 

R. A broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou 
wilt not despise. 

P. Do good in thy good pleasure unto Zion : 

R. Build thou the w 7 alls of Jerusalem. 

P. Then shalt thou be pleased with the sacrifice 
of righteousness, with burnt offering and whole 
burnt offering : 

R. Then shall they offer bullocks upon thine 
altar. 

P. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and 
to the Holy Ghost : 

LofC. 



100 PRAYERS, Etc. 

R. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
shall be, world without end. Amen. 

Then shall be said: 

P, Turn us again, O God of hosts : 

R. Cause thy face to shine and we shall be saved. 

P. Arise, O Christ, for our help : 

R. And redeem us for thy mercy's sake, 

P. Hear my prayer, O Lord : 

R. And let my cry come unto thee. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Let us pray. 

Then may the Minister say a Collect for the Season and any other 
suitable Collect, and after that he may say this Collect for peace. 

A\ Give peace in our days, O Lord : 

P. Because there is none other that fighteth for 
us, except thou, our God. 

P. O Lord, let there be peace in thy strength : 

R. And abundance in thy towers. 
f\ GOD, from whom all holy desires, all good coun- 
sels, and all just works do proceed; give unto 
thy servants that peace which the world cannot 
give ; that our hearts may be set to obey thy com- 
mandments, and also that by thee we, being de- 
fended from the fear of our enemies, may pass our 
time in rest and quietness; through the merits of 
Jesus Christ our Savior. 

R. Amen. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 101 

Aorning Suffrages— ffcr SunDa^s. 

O Christ, Thou Son of the living God, 
Have mercy upon us. 

P. O Thou, Who sittest at the right hand of 
the Father, 

R. Have mercy upon us. 

P. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and 
to the Holy Ghost. 

R. O Christ, Thou Son of the living God, have 
mercy upon us. 

P. Arise, O Christ, for our help. 

R. And redeem us for Thy mercies 7 sake. 

iV. B. On high Festivals the Morning Collect immediately follows. 
At other times the following Suffrages: — 

IR^rie. XotD's prater, siiemi y down to: 

P. And lead us not into temptation. 
R, But deliver us from evil. 

Creed, silently down to: " 
P. The resurrection of the body. 
R. And the life everlasting. Amen. 
P. Unto thee have I cried, O Lord : 
R. And in the morning shall my prayer pre- 
vent thee. 

P. Let my mouth be filled with thy praise : 
R. And with thine honor all the day. 
P. O Lord, hide thy face from my sins : 
R. And blot out all mine iniquities. 



102 PRAYERS, Etc. 

P. Create in me, O God, a clean heart : 

P. And renew a right spirit within me. 

P. Cast me not away from thy presence : 

P. And take not thy Holy Spirit from me. 

P. Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation : 

P. And uphold me with thy free Spirit. 

Here the Service of Public Confession and Absolution may be intro- 
duced: after which: — 

P. Vouchsafe, O Lord, this day : 

P. To keep us without sin. 

P. Have mercy upon us, O Lord: 

P. Have mercy upon us. 

P. O Lord, let thy mercy be upon us : 

P. As our trust is in thee. 

P. Hear my prayer, O Lord : 

P. And let my cry come unto thee. 

P. The Lord be with you : 

P. And with thy spirit. 

P. Let us pray. 

/Ifcornfnci Collect. 

(\ LORD, our heavenly Father, almighty and 
everlasting God, who hast safely brought us 
to the beginning of this day: defend us in the same 
with thy mighty power, and grant that this day we 
fall into no sin, neither run into any kind of dan- 
ger ; but that all our doings, being ordered by thy 
governance, may be righteous in thy sight : through 
Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 103 

P. The Lord be with you, 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Bless we the Lord. 

R. Thanks be to God. 

(Commemoration of the saints who on this day sealed their testi- 
mony of Jesus with their lives.) 

P. Precious in the sight of the Lord : 
R. Is the death of his saints. 

Collect. 

A ALMIGHTY God, Who hast united all Thine 
elect into the fellowship of one holy Church, 
the mystical body of Thine only Son, our Lord 
Jesus Christ ; grant us grace that we may follow 
the example of Thy saints in faith and virtue, that 
an abundant entrance may be ministered unto us 
into Thine everlasting Kingdom which Thou hast 
prepared for all them that love Thee. Through 
Jesus Christ, etc. Amen. 

P. Make haste, O God, to deliver me. 

R. Make haste to help me, O Lord. 

(Repeated three times.) 

(Bloria ipatrt, IRErie. XorO'a prater, stiemiy down to: 

P. And lead us not into temptation. 
R. But deliver us from evil. 
P. Let Thy work appear unto Thy servants, 
and Thy glory unto their children. 






104 PRAYERS, Etc. 

R. And establish Thou the work of our hands 
upon us ; yea, the work of our hands establish 
Thou it. 

(Slorta ipatri. 

Let us pray. Direct us, O Lord, in all our 
doings, with Thy most gracious favor, and further 
us with Thy continual help ; that in all our works 
begun, continued and ended in Thee, we may 
glorify Thy holy name; and finally, by Thy mercy, 
obtain everlasting life. Through Jesus Christ, etc. 
Amen. 

'Gbe Benediction. 

R Amen. 

rtfcorninci Suffrages for LUeefc H>av>s. 

P. Deliver me, O Lord, from the evil man : 

R. Preserve me from the evil man. 

P. Deliver me, O Lord, from mine enemies: 

A\ And lift me up above those that rise up 
against me. 

P. Deliver me from the workers of iniquity : 

A'. And save me from bloody men. 

P. So will I sing unto Thy name forever : 

R. That I may daily perform my vows. 

P. By terrible things in righteousness wilt Thou 
answer us, O God of our salvation : 

R. Who art the confidence of all the ends of the 
earth, and of them that are afar off upon the sea. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 105 

P. Make haste, O God, to deliver me : 

R. Make haste to help me, O Lord. 

P. Holy, Almighty and Everlasting God : 

R- Have mercy upon us. 

P. Bless the Lord, O my soul : 

R. And forget not all His benefits. 

P. Who forgiveth all thy sins : 

R. And healeth all thy diseases. 

P. Who redeemeth thy life from destruction : 

R. And crowneth thee with tender mercies. 

P. Who satisfieth thy mouth with good things : 

R. So that thy youth is renewed like the 
eagle's. 

P. Our help is in the name of the Lord : 

R. Who made heaven and earth. 

Confession, Absolution and all that follows in the Suffrages for 
Sundays. 

Evening Suffrages. 
IkErie. XorD's prater. Greet*. 

Same as in the Morning. 

P. Blessed art Thou, O Lord God of our fathers: 

R. And greatly to be praised and glorified for- 
ever. 

P. Bless we the Father, and the Son, and the 
Holy Ghost : 

P. We praise and magnify Him forever. 

R. Blessed art Thou, O Lord, in the firmament 
of heaven : 



106 PRAYERS, Etc. 

R. And greatly to be praised, and glorified, and 
highly exalted forever. 

P. The Almighty and Merciful Lord bless and 
preserve us. 

R. Amen. 

P. Vouchsafe, O Lord, this night : 

R. To keep us without sin. 

P. O Lord, have mercy upon us : 

R. As our trust is in Thee. 

P. Hear my prayer, O Lord : 

R. And let my cry come unto Thee. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Let us pray. Lighten our darkness, we be- 
seech Thee, O Lord ; and by Thy great mercy de- 
fend us from all the perils and dangers of this 
night ; for the love of Thine only Son, our Savior, 
Jesus Christ. 

R. Amen. 

P. The Lord be with you. 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Bless we the Lord. 

R. Thanks be to God. 

P. The Almighty and Merciful God, Father, 
Son and Holy Ghost, bless and keep you. 

R. Amen. 



III. 

THE BIDDING OR DIACONAL PRAYERS 
OF THE LUTHERAN CHURCH. 

(Union of Exhortation and Prayer.) 

For Sundays when there is no Commuuion, and especially 
for the Afternoon Service on Good Friday. 

In the so-called Bidding or Diaconal Prayers of the an- 
cients the deacon read the petitions, after each of which — 
in a manner similar to the Western Litanies— the congrega- 
gation or choir answered: Kyrie eleison or Kyrie paraschon. 
Or the deacon announced the contents of the prayer, the 
priest read the prayer and the people answered with the con- 
firmatory Kyrie or Amen. In this manner one petition 
followed the other to the end. A beautiful, quickening, and 
not altogether dissimilar form has found its way into many 
Lutheran Liturgies: The minister announces the things for 
which prayer is to be offered, reads the Collect in order, 
and the people conclude each with Amen, and the whole 
with the Lord's Prayer. If a deacon would read the recur- 
ring exhortations, the minister offer the prayers, and the 
congregation conclude them with Amen, we would have 
indeed a restoration of the ancient form of the Bidding 
Prayer. The sweet and refreshing character of this form of 
prayer can be learned only by use. 

We give here, without alteration, the form used for many 
years in Neuendettelsau. It is in the main indeed a literal 
reproduction of the Prayer for Good Friday afternoon in the 

107 



108 PRAYERS, Etc 

Romish Church, with the omission of course of unevangeli- 
cal parts. It must, however, be said that this is one of the 
purest forms of that Church, containing scarcely anything 
offensive to evangelical ears. The idea is naturally and 
liturgically correct, and needs only a trial to prove it, that, 
on Good Friday, immediately after the celebration of the 
sufferings and death of Christ, through whom an abundant 
entrance to the throne of grace is ministered, the congrega- 
tion ought to approach the Father with petitions, supplica- 
tions and intercessions for all conditions and estates of the 
one Holy Catholic Church. The following prayer is, accord- 
ing to its form, a Bidding or Diaconal Prayer. The Deacon 
(T>) says the exhortation, the Minister (P) the Collect, the 
people the Amen, and all together the Lord's Prayer. 

JBifcCnncj fpraver. 

(To be used especially in the afternoon on Good Friday.) 

D. Brethern, let us pray for the whole Christian 
Church, that our Lord God would vouchsafe to 
defend it against all the assaults and temptations of 
the adversary, and to keep it perpetually on the 
true foundation, Jesus Christ. 

P. Let us pray. 

D. Let us humbly kneel. 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, who hast re- 
vealed thy glory to all nations, in Jesus Christ and 
the word of his truth ; keep, we beseech thee, in 
safety the works of thy mercy, that so thy Church, 
spread throughout all nations may serve thee in 
true faith, and persevere in the confession of thy 
name; through Jesus Christ, our Lord. 

R. Amen. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 109 

D. Let us pray for the ministers of the word, 
for all estates of men in the Church, and for all the 
people of God. 

P. Let us pray. 

D. Let us humbly kneel. 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, by whose 
Spirit the whole body of the Church is governed 
and sanctified ; receive our supplications and pray- 
ers, which we offer before thee for all estates of 
men in thy holy Church, that every member of the 
same, in his vocation and ministry, may truly and 
godly serve thee ; through Jesus Christ, our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

D. Let us pray for all in authority, and espe- 
cially for the government of our country, that we 
may lead a quite and peaceable life in all godliness 
and honesty. 

P. Let us pray. 

D. Let us humbly kneel. 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, who holdest 
in thy hand all the might of man, and w T ho hast 
ordained the powers that be for the punishment of 
evil-doers and for the praise of them that do well, 
and of whom is all rule and authority in the king- 
doms of this world ; we humbly beseech thee, 
graciously regard thy servants, the rulers of this 
country, that all who receive the sword as thy 



110 PRAYERS, Etc. 

ministers may bear it according to thy command; 
through Jesus Christ, our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

D. Let us pray for our catechumens, that our 
Lord God would open their hearts and the door of 
his mercy, that having received the remission of all 
their sins by the washing of regeneration, they may 
be mindful of their baptismal covenant, and ever 
more be found in Christ Jesus our Lord. 

P. Let us pray. 

D. Let us humbly kneel. 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, who dost al- 
ways multiply thy Church, and with thy light and 
grace dost strenghthen the hearts of those whom 
thou hast regenerated, confirming unto them thy 
covenant and faithfulness : grant unto our catechu- 
mens increase both of faith and knowledge, that 
they may rejoice in their baptism and really and 
heartily renew their covenant with thee. 

R. Amen. 

D. Let us pray the Lord God Almighty that he 
would deliver the world from all error, take away 
disease, ward off famine, open the prisons, set free 
those in bondage, grant a safe return to the way- 
farers, health to the sick, and to our mariners a 
harbor of safety. 

P. Let us pray. 

D. Let us humblv kneel. 



PRAYERS, Etc. Ill 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, the consola- 
tion of the sorrowful and the strength of the weak : 
may the prayers of them that in any tribulation cry 
unto thee graciously come before thee, so that in 
all their necessities they may mark and receive thy 
manifold help and comfort ; through Christ our 
Lord. 

R. Amen. 

D. Let us pray for all schismatics who have 
erred from the way of the truth, that the Lord our 
God would deliver them from their error, and bring 
them to the faith and fellowship of his holy Church. 

P. Let us pray. 

D Let us humbly kneel. 

P. Almighty God, our Heavenly Father, whose 
property it is always to have mercy : we most 
earnestly beseech thee to visit with thy Fatherly 
correction all such as have erred and gone astray 
from the truth of thy holy word, and to bring them 
to a due sense of their error, that they may again 
with hearty faith receive and hold fast thine un- 
changeable truth ; through Jesus Christ our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

D. Let us pray also for the unbelieving, faith- 
less Jews, that the Lord our God would take away 
the veil from their hearts, and bring them also to 
a right knowledge of Jesus Christ, our Lord. 

P. Let us pray. 



112 PRAYERS, Etc. 

(The exhortation to kneel is omitted, and this 
Collect is said standing.) 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, who lovest 
to show mercy, hear the prayers which we offer 
unto thee for thine ancient people, that, acknow- 
ledging Jesus Christ, who is the Light of truth, 
they may be delivered from their darkness; through 
the same, thy Son, our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

D. Let us pray for the heathen, that God w T ould 
take away their sin and deliver them from their 
false and dumb idols to serve the true and living 
God and Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord. 

P. Let us pray. 

D. Let us humbly kneel. 

P. Almighty and everlasting God, who desirest 
not the death of a sinner, but wouldst have all men 
to repent and live ; hear our prayers for the hea- 
then ; take away iniquity from their hearts ; turn 
them to thee ; and gather them into thy holy 
Church, to the glory of thy name ; through Jesus 
Christ our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

P. Finally let us pray for all those things for 
which our Lord would have us ask, saying : 

Our Father, who art in heaven, etc. Amen. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 113 

Zbc ©iaconal (or ^Sf^Dtn^) ©ra^er. 

For the Lord's Day. 

P. Our Lord Jesus hath commanded us to pray, 
and promised graciously to hear the prayers of his 
faithful people, saying : Ask, and ye shall receive ; 
seek, and ye shall find ; knock, and it shall be 
opened unto you. Wherefore let us pray for the 
whole Christian Church, with all its pastors and 
ministers, that the Lord our God would vouchsafe 
to defend it against all the assaults of the adversary, 
and to keep it perpetually upon the true founda- 
tion, Jesus Christ. 

ALMIGHTY and Everlasting God, who hast 
^ revealed Thy glory to all nations, in Jesus 
Christ and the word of his Gospel ; keep, we be- 
seech Thee, in safety the works of Thy mercy, that 
so Thy Church, spread throughout all nations may 
serve Thee in true faith, and persevere in the con- 
fession of Thy name; through Jesus Christ our 
Lord. 

R. Amen. 

P. Let us pray for all in authority, for all 
Christian governments, and especially for etc., 
that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all 
godliness and honesty. 

f\ MERCIFUL Father in Heaven, who holder t 

in thy hand all the might of man, and who 

hast ordained the powers that be for the punish- 



114 PRAYERS, Etc. 

ment of evil-doers, and for the praise of them that 
do well, and of whom is all rule and authority in 
the kingdoms of this world; we humbly beseech 
thee, graciously regard those who are in authority 
over us, and all the Christian rulers of the earth, 
that all who receive the sword as thy ministers may 
bear it according to thy commandment ; through 
Jesus Christ our Lord. 
R. Amen. 

P. Let us pray that our Lord God Almighty 
would deliver the world from all error, take away 
disease, ward off famine, open the prisons, set free 
those in bondage, grant a safe return to the way- 
farers, health to the sick, and to our mariners a 
harbor of safety. 

A LMIGHTY and everlasting God, the Consola- 
tion of the sorrowful and the strength of the 
weak ; may the prayers of them that in any tribu- 
lation or distress cry unto thee graciously come 
before thee, so that in all their necessities they 
mark and receive thy manifold help and comfort ; 
through Jesus Christ our Lord. 
R. Amen. 

P. Let us pray for peace, that we may come to 
the knowledge of God's holy word, and walk be- 
fore him as becometh Christians. 
A LMIGHTY and everlasting God, Lord of heaven 
and earth, by whose Spirit all things are gov- 



PRAYERS, Etc. 115 

erned, by whose Providence all things are ordered, 
who art the God of peace, grant us, we beseech 
thee, thy heavenly peace and concord, that we may 
serve thee in true fear, to the praise and glory of 
thy name ; through Christ our Lord. 

R. Amen. 

P. Let us pray for our enemies, that God would 
remember them in mercy, and graciously grant 
unto them such things as are needful for their 
salvation, 

A LMIGHTY and everlasting God, who hast com- 
manded us to love our enemies, to do good to 
them that hate us, and to pray for them that perse- 
cute us ; we earnestly beseech thee, that by thy 
gracious visitation all our enemies may be led to 
true repentance, and may have the same love, and 
be of one accord and of one mind and heart with us 
and with thy whole Christian Church; through our 
Lord Jesus Christ. 

R. Amen. 

P. Let us pray for all who are in the perils of 
childbirth, that God would graciously deliver them. 
A LMIGHTY, everlasting God and Father, Crea- 
tor, of all things, who hast graciously blessed 
man and wife, and through the birth of Thy dear 
Son hast made a mother's anguish in travail a holy 
and salutary cross; we beseech thee, Lord God, 
that thou wouldest preserve and guard the fruit of 



116 PRAYERS, Etc. 

her body, the work of thine own hand, so that it 
come not to destruction in the sore travail, but 
deliver it to the glory of thy great goodness. 

R- Amen. 

P. Let us pray for the fruits of the earth, that 
the Lord our God would bless them, and graciously 
order our hearts to enjoy them in submission to his 
holy will. 

A LMIGHTY and everlasting God, who by thy 
word hast created and dost bless all things; 
we pray thee so to reveal unto us thy Word our 
Lord Jesus Christ, that he dwelling in our hearts, 
we ma} 7 by thy grace be made meet to receive thy 
blessing on all the fruits of the earth, and whatso- 
ever pertains to our bodily needs. 
R Amen. 

Or: 

P. O Almighty, everlasting God, Lord of hosts, 
who holdest in the power of thy might heaven and 
earth, and who by thy Word hast created, and dost 
bless and uphold all things; w r e beseech thee, that 
of thine infinite mercy, thou wouldest preserve the 
fruits of the field from hail and temptest, from 
drought and destruction, and grant favorable sea- 
sons, the early and latter rain, so that the harvests 
may be gathered in their time, and we be permitted 
to enjoy them in peace and thanksgiving, to the 



PRAYKRS, Etc. 117 

praise of thy holy name ; through Jesus Christ our 
Lord. 

R. Amen. 

Finally let us pray for all those things for which 
our Lord Jesus hath commanded us to pray, saying: 

Our Father, Who art in Heaven, etc. 



IV. 

FESTIVAL PRAYERS. 
mote. 

During the earlier period of the Lutheran Church lengthy 
Festival Prayers were not in use. The peculiar character of 
the day was made sufficiently prominent by means of the 
Introit, Kyrie and Gloria, Collect, Epistle and Gospel, Ser- 
mon and Preface ; even the Psalms, Chants and Hymns 
aided in making the distinction. The same was true also of 
the simpler services of the day, e. g., Matins and Vespers. 
In later times, when "long" Festival Prayers began to come 
into use, certain communities still held out against them ; 
but by and by they became quite general. It would no 
doubt have been better, if the supplications and intercessions 
of the General Prayer had been allowed to remain, and 
simply to have added an introductory sentence of praise and 
thanksgiving, according to the character of the day. In 
this way the joys of the Festival could just as well have 
found expression, and the intercessory character of the 
General Prayer would have been retained. This indeed was 
done in many places, as the following collection will show. 
(And where this was not the case, the deficiency is easily 
supplied, somewhat after the manner in which we have 
undertaken it in the first for Advent. That we have in some 
cases shortened an expression or eliminated lengthy quota- 
tions from Scripture, can hardly be a matter for criticism, 
inasmuch as liturgical utility is to be sought in forms for 
public prayer rather than a faithful reproduction of the 
original compositions. Publish 

US 



PRAYERS, Etc. 119 

Btwent. 
1. 

A LORD, our Heavenly Father, we give thee most 
humble and hearty thanks for the consolation 
ministered to us in the gift of thy dear Son Jesus 
Christ, whom thou didst send to be a King and 
Savior, to redeem his people from their sin and to 
deliver them from the might of Satan and the 
power of everlasting death. We beseech thee to 
grant unto us thy Holy Spirit to enlighten, govern 
and sanctify our hearts, that we may truly acknowl- 
edge him as our King and Savior, and perpetually 
cling to him ; and at all times grant unto us a true 
and living faith, so that we may not stumble at his 
humiliation, Word and Kingdom, which the world 
esteems so lightly ; through the same, our Lord 
Jesus Christ. Amen. 

Accept also, O Lord, the prayers of thy faithful 
people for the good estate of thy holy Church 
throughout the world. Govern and sanctify it, 
with all its pastors and ministers, by thy Holy 
Spirit, that we may be kept by thy word in true 
faith and fervent love toward thee and one another. 

Grant also health and prosperity to all that are 
in authority, especially, etc., that they may rule 
over us according to thy will, to the maintenance 
of righteousness, and the hindrance and punish- 
ment of wickedness, that we may lead a quiet and 
peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. 



120 PRAYERS, Etc. 

Grant also that our enemies and adversaries may 
cease their enmity and be inclined to walk with us 
in meekness and in peace. 

All who are in trouble, want, sickness, anguish 
of labor, or in any other adversity, especially those 
who are in suffering for thy name and for thy 
truth's sake, comfort, O God, with thy Holy Spirit, 
that they may receive and acknowledge their afflic- 
tions as the manifestation of thy Fatherly will. 

Cause also the needful fruits of the earth to 
prosper. And we beseech thee, grant unto us 
all other things for which thou wouldst have us 
ask, for the sake, etc. Amen. 



T ORD Jesus Christ, Son of God, thou earnest into 
the world in the name of thy Father to be a 
King and a Justifier of many, even to save Un- 
people from their sins. Thou earnest to thine own, 
and they received thee not. Wherefore thou earnest 
to us poor Gentiles, and still visitest us in thy Word 
and Sacrament. O Lord Jesus, thou Son of David, 
precious Savior, only Hope of mankind, blessed 
art thou that comest in the name of the Lord. In 
thee do our hearts rejoice, and all that is within us 
is glad because of thy help and deliverance. Thou 
art he who wast to come, and we look not for 
another. Wherefore abide with us, and fill our 
hearts anew from day to day with thy presence. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 121 

By thy Spirit dwell in us, that we may praise thy 
holy name, as did thy disciples and the people of 
Jerusalem when thou enteredst in triumph. O 
blessed Savior, may we, with the faithful of all 
ages, remain steadfast unto death. And as thou 
wilt return again at the end of the world to deliver 
us from all evil, grant that w 7 e may aw r ait with joy 
the time of our redemption, and watch and pray 
that we may be accounted worthy to escape those 
things which shall then come to pass, and to stand 
before the Son of Man. All these blessings we ask 
for the sake of thine infinite love. Amen. 
Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

Cbrt6tmas. 
3. 

A LMIGHTY, everlasting and merciful God and 
Father of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, 
most heartity do we praise and thank thee for the 
gift of thine only Son, who for us and for our salva- 
tion was made Man in the womb of the blessed 
Virgin, whereby thou hast shown thine infinite love 
to us lost and condemned creatures. And we 
humbly beseech thee for the sake of the Only Be- 
gotten, our Lord and Savior, be gracious unto us, 
and let not thy righteous wrath be kindled against 
us, but spare and deliver us from all our sins. 
From all nations and from the inhabitants of this 



122 PRAYERS, Etc. 

land gather unto Thyself a peculiar people, one holy 
Christian Church ; and bless and preserve the same 
from all error and whatsoever is contrary to Thy 
will, so that the incarnation and birth of Thy well- 
beloved Son may at all times be proclaimed among 
us. Receive into Thy keeping all who are in 
authority, etc., endue them with grace to rule after 
Thy good pleasure, so that we may pass our time 
in rest and quietness, fulfill our various callings, 
and live unto thee in holiness and righteousness of 
life. Be merciful unto us, and enable us always to 
partake of the joys of the glorious birth of Thy 
beloved Son, our Savior Jesus Christ ; and so rule 
our hearts by the Spirit of Thy grace, that we may 
grow in the faith and knowledge of our Lord Jesus, 
comfort ourselves in all time of tribulation and 
temptation, and finally fall asleep in him and obtain 
the end of our faith, even the salvation of our souls. 
Through the same, Thy dear Son, Jesus Christ, etc. 
Amen. 



f\ LORD, Almighty God, our heavenly Father, 
most heartily do we thank Thee for Thine in- 
finite mercy upon mankind in the gift of Thine 
Only Begotten Son, who in the fullness of the time 
was born of the Virgin, that we might be redeemed 
from the curse of the Law and from the power of 
Satan, and be made children of God. And we 



PRAYERS, Etc. 123 

beseech Thee, of Thine infinite mercy, keep and 
strengthen us in the true faith and in the knowl- 
edge of Thy dear Son, our Savior Jesus Christ, that 
we may be comforted by his incarnation, and as 
new born creatures live unto Thee and serve Thee 
as dear children, and in the end obtain the salvation 
of our souls, and with all the holy angels and 
Thine elect praise and serve Thee forever. Through 
the same, Jesus Christ, etc. Amen. 



OLORD Jesus Christ, precious Savior, who of 
Thine unspeakable love earnest from Heaven 
and wast made Man, and art not ashamed to be 
called our Brother, that we might have peace with 
God, righteousness and eternal life. Thy love is 
infinite and Thy mercy boundless. While we were 
yet sinners Thou didst love us and reconcile us to 
the Father. By Thy blessed birth we have come 
to the inheritance of the eternal Kingdom, and as 
by our first parents we were driven from Paradise, 
so by Thee has Heaven again been opened unto us. 
For this Thy grace we thank Thee as unfeignedly 
as we are able in this present life. We rejoice and 
are glad in Thee who hast had compassion upon 
us, and hast delivered our souls. And we beseech 
Thee, enlighten our hearts, so that Thy birth may 
minister to us grace against sin, death, Hell and the 



124 PRAYERS, Etc. 

power ot the Devil ; and by Thy Holy Spirit com- 
fort and sustain us in the perils and pains of the 
last hour. All of which we ask, O precious Jesus, 
who art blessed and exalted forever, for the sake of 
Thy miraculous incarnation. Amen. 

6. 

I^LESSED Immanuel, Lord Jesus Christ, Son of 
God and Son of Man, we thank Thee that 
Thou tookest upon Thee our nature, and earnest 
from Heaven, and wast made man, whereby Thou 
hast made us partakers of the divine Nature. Thou 
hast revealed to us the loving heart of Thy Father. 
Thou hast brought us peace, and quenched the 
divine anger against us. By Thy blessed birth we 
are made new creatures; and thou art a righteous 
Priest through whom we have an abundant entrance 
to the Father. Enable us, O blessed Lord and 
loving Immanuel, truly to acknowledge and con- 
fess Thy revelation in the flesh, always to be mind- 
ful of Thy great love and humiliation, most heartily 
to rejoice and comfort ourselves in the same, and 
evermore to be partakers of its power. Open Thou 
our hearts and lips, that, with the holy angels, we 
may ever praise and magnify Thee. And finally 
minister to us an abundant entrance into Thy heav- 
enly Kingdom, there to praise and serve Tbee, 
world without end. Amen. Blessed be the Lord 



PRAYERS, Etc. 125 

God of Israel. Blessed be his holy name. Let the 
whole earth be full of his glory. Amen. 
Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

Mew HJear. 

7. 

T ORD Jesus Christ, Savior of the world, most 
^ heartily do we thank Thee, that Thou didst 
humiliate Thyself and take upon Thee our nature, 
and for our sakes wast made subject to the Law 
and didst endure, in Thy tender infancy, such 
bitter pains, that Thou mightest be our Lord and 
Savior. O Lord Jesus, according to Thy name so 
is Thy praise unto the ends of the earth. Great 
are Thy works and unsearchable Thy thoughts. 
Justly art Thou praised and magnified, and we 
speak of the majesty of Thy power and of Thy 
glorious acts. And we beseech thee, make us par- 
takers of the merit of Thy circumcision, account 
our faith for righteousness, and grant us Thy Holy 
Spirit that we may give Thee our uncircumcised 
hearts and minds. Renew a sight spirit within us, 
whereby we may serve Thee in newness of life ; 
comfort us with Thy mercies which are new every 
morning ; and finally permit us to enter the New 
Jerusalem to praise Thy name eternally. Grant us 
these our humble petitions, O Lord, for the sake of 
Thy ever blessed Name. Amen. 



126 PRAYERS, Etc. 

8. 

A LMIGHTY and everlasting God, merciful Fa- 
ther, we have come to the end of another year 
of our pilgrimage in this life, and in Thy name we 
begin a new year. Lord God, how unspeakably 
great is Thy goodness which Thou hast shown 
unto us, who, on account of our sins, deserve 
nothing but w r rath and condemnation. Thou hast 
preserved unto us Thy Holy Word, together with 
the right use of the Sacraments. Thou hast blessed 
our land, given us our daily bread, filled our hearts 
with peace and joy, delivered us from plague and 
pestilence and many other evils, and preserved our 
houses and homes from all calamity by fire and 
water. For this Thy mercy and goodness we praise 
and thank Thee ; and we humbly pray, remember 
not our transgressions nor the sins of our youth, by 
means of which we have so grievously offended 
Thee, but pardon and deliver us from them all for 
the sake of our Lord Jesus. So rule our hearts 
that we darken not this new year with our old sins 
and transgressions, but mortify the old Man with 
his sinful lusts, and grant that the new Man may 
arise in us. O blessed Father, draw near, and bless 
us anew. Grant us new hearts. Renew Thy love 
and faithfulness unto us. Give us zeal in Thy 
work. Take away all sorrow and the chastise- 
ments which we so richly deserve, and graciously 



PRAYERS, Etc. 127 

lead us by Thy hand. Merciful God and Father, 
hear our prayer; have mercy upon all men. Pre- 
serve unto us Thy Holy Word Sanctify Thy 
ministers and all the servants of Thy Church. 
Build up and strengthen our Churches and Schools. 
Preserve us from false and pernicious doctrine. 
Bless and prosper our government, and further all 
good counsels and just works. Bless parents, chil- 
dren and friends. Preserve us from war and blood- 
shed. Ward off pestilence and famine. Destroy 
the works of the Devil, and send us Thy holy 
angels. Grant us fruitful seasons, abundant har- 
vests, and crown the year with Thy mercy. Give 
peace to our land, joy to our hearts, health to our 
bodies and concord and unity to our congregation. 
Bless us in our various occupations, and establish 
the work of our hands, Convert the sinner, edify 
the believing, and reclaim the erring. Enlighten 
our enemies, ward off persecution, and protect the 
widow and fatherless children. Enrich the poor, 
feed the hungry, release the captive, comfort the 
sorrowing, heal the sick, protect those who travel 
by land or water, help the helpless, and comfort the 
dying. Through Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, our 
Lord and Savior. Amen. 

9. 
f\ LORD Jesus Christ, Heavenly King! We thank 
Thee that Thou hast made both Jews and Gen- 



128 PRAYERS, Etc. 

tiles hear Thy voice, and from their number hast 
gathered and established Thy Holy Church, and 
perfected Thy praise out of their mouth. Keep us, 
we beseech Thee, in that wisdom which Thou didst 
reveal to the wise men. Grant unto us Thy Holy 
Spirit, that we may at all times seek Thee and Thy 
Kingdom. Enable us to follow Thy Holy Word, 
as those from the East followed the leading of a 
star. Give us grace at all times and in all places 
to confess Thy Holy Name. Rule us by Thy 
Spirit, so that the joys of Thy birth may increase 
in us. Hear our prayers and strong cryings. Ac- 
cept our offerings, which Thou Thyself hast given 
us : the gold of our faith, the incense of our pray- 
ers and the myrth of our contrite hearts. Deliver 
us from the destructive ways of error and sin, and 
by Thy Holy Spirit lead us in the ways of peace 
and in the paths of pleasantness. Grant unto us 
all, when this life is done, a participation in the 
joys of the year of Jubilee in Heaven, where we 
shall praise and serve Thee and the Father who 
live and reign in unity with the Holy Ghost forever 
and ever. Amen. 

Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

10. 

T ORD Jesus Christ, Son of the living God, who 
^ hast appeared to quicken Thy chosen people, 
and also as a Light to lighten the Gentiles, and 




PRAYERS, Etc. 129 

hast revealed Thyself as the Savior of all men ; we 
praise Thee fer Thy gracious visitation ; and we 
beseech Thee to accept the sacrifice of worship and 
thanksgiving which we bring to Thee, King of 
Glory. Grant that, by Thy Holy Spirit, we may 
follow the example of the wise men from the East 
in following with great joy that light which Thou 
hast kindled in this sinful world ; and graciously 
preserve us from all false and deceitful ways, so 
that we may finish our earthly pilgrimage with 
great rejoicing. Spread abroad Thy Holy and 
quickening Word among the nations of the earth, 
that the Gentiles may praise Thy name and the 
isles of the sea be converted unto Thee. Establish 
and increase Thy Kingdom in the w T orld, and grant 
that all hearts may be opened and filled with the 
heavenly treasures. And when our earthly pil- 
grimage is ended, bring us all to the light of Thy 
countenance in the perfected Kingdom above. 
Amen. 

Accept also, G L,ord, etc. 

11. 

OLESSED God and Father, most heartily do we 
^ praise and thank Thee for the exceeding great 
riches of Thy grace which Thou hast shown unto 
us in Thy Son Jesus Christ. Thou hast brought 
the Gentiles to the Light, and united them in the 



130 PRAYERS, Etc. 

fellowship of Thy dear Son. And we beseech 
Thee, Heavenly Father, to rule and govern us by 
Thy Holy Spirit, that in these last evil times we 
may always walk according to Thy Word, and as 
children of light put off the works of darkness, and 
be clothed with the armor of light, so that with 
great confidence we may rejoice and comfort our- 
selves in Christ our Savior, participate in the 
inheritance of faithful Abraham, and bring Thee, 
Father, Son and Holy Ghost, acceptable sacrifices 
of praise and thanksgiving, and finally with the 
fulness of the Gentiles and the Israel of God be 
saved, and in Thy Kingdom with an everlasting 
hallelujah praise and magnify Thy glorious grace. 
Amen. 

Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

CanMemas. 

12. 

f\ LORD Jesus, Thine Light and Joy of the Gen- 
tiles, who this day with Thy blessed Mother 
didst visit the holy temple, we thank Thee that for 
our Fakes Thou didst fulfill the Law. And we 
beseech Thee, enlighten our hearts, so that we 
ma}' give ourselves as living sacrifices, holy and 
acceptable to Thee, and truly give ourselves to 
Thy worship in Thy Holy Temple. Grant us grace 
to cleanse ourselves from all sinful and hurtful 



131 PRAYER, Etc. 

lusts; and while of ourselves we are too weak to 
do so great a work, do Thou cleanse our sinful 
natures by Thy Holy Spirit and precious blood. 
Grant that we may receive Thee as the Light of the 
world, ever follow Thee in childlike fear, and never 
walk in darkness ; and in the hour of trial and 
temptation, and amidst the terrors of our own con- 
sciences, enable us, with the poor in spirit, to 
receive Thee in true faith, and to comfort ourselves 
in Thee. Kindle in us the light Thy Holy Word 
and true obedience to Thy will. Grant us a living 
faith, so that our works may shine before men and 
glorify our Father in Heaven. Dispel the darkness 
of our hearts by the light of Thy glory, so that we 
may be daily renewed in the spirit of our minds and 
follow that which is pure and holy. Enlighten our 
eyes, so that we may not remain in death ; and 
when the end of our earthly life appears, keep us, 
O blessed Savior, in Thine own bosom, so that 
Satan may not harm us. Grant in that day with 
Simeon, a peaceful, quiet and joyful departure out 
of this life, so that our dying may be a falling asleep 
to awake in Thy likeness. Amen. 
Or : Nunc Dimittis. 

annunciation. 
13. 

UOLY, Almighty and Everlasting God and Fa- 
ther, as our first parents were comforted in 



132 PRAYERS, Etc. 

their sorrow by the announcement that the Seed of 
the woman should bruise the serpent's head, so do 
we this day rejoice in the gracious conception of 
Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, through whom we 
have received power to become Thy children. We 
rejoice in this Thine unspeakable mercy, and praise 
Thee for Thy power to which nothing is impossi- 
ble. O Lord, we believe, help them our unbelief. 
— O Lord Jesus, we rejoice in Thy loving kindness 
and tender mercy, and thank Thee for Thy volun- 
tary humiliation by which Thou hast befriended us, 
and brought us over with songs of victory. — O God, 
the Holy Ghost, grant us faith and holiness, so that 
whether living or dying, we may say: According to 
Thy will be it done unto us. — O holy and blessed 
Trinity, grant us, when this day of grace is ended, 
fulness of joy and blessedness at Thy Right Hand, 
where with all the holy Angels and Archangels we 
shall praise Thee, who art blessed, world without 
end. Amen. 

dfcaunfcs GbursDa£. 
14. 

W^E thank Thee, Lord Jesus, that Thou hast re- 
* membered Thy congregation, and has set for 
us, who are upon the earth, a holy table, and insti- 
tuted this blessed Sacrament. We thank Thee, 
Thou only Sacrifice for our sin, that Thou Thyself 



PRAYERS, Etc. 133 

art our Paschal Lamb, and that Thou givest us Thy 
body to eat and Thy blood to drink, by means of 
which Thou sealest unto us the riches of Thy grace. 
Yea, Lord, the bread which we break is the com- 
munion of Thy body, and the cup which we bless is 
the communion of Thy blood. What shall we 
render Thee for this Thy goodness, in which Thou 
drawest so near to us, and by which Thou establish- 
est such a divine and heavenly fellowship, in which 
we are united with Thee and the blessed Trinity ? 
And, inasmuch as thou givest us Thy body to eat 
and Thy blood to drink, Thou art in us, and w r e in 
Thee, and members of Thy body. O Thou dealest 
so mercifully with us, and ascribest to us all Thy 
merit and righteousness ; and in Thee the Father 
himself accounts us as righteous, even as though 
we were like Thee, Thou Mediator of the New 
Covenant ; and through Thee the Holy Spirit 
dwells in us, and quickens us to newness of life. 
Thou strengthenest our faith, and quickenest our 
confidence ; and grant, O Lord Jesus, that the older 
we grow the closer our communion with Thee may 
be, so that at all times we comfort ourselves in Thy 
merit and satisfaction, and remain members of Thee, 
and in communion with the Father and the Holy 
Ghost. O do Thou live and dwell in us, Lord 
Jesus, with the Father and the Holy Ghost, and 
show Thyself mighty to save, and to make us holy 
and blameless, so that with clean hearts and pure 



134 PRAYERS, Etc. 

lips we may willingly serve Thy holy name, and as 
new creatures came to full perfection by Thy mighty 
power. Amen. 

The so-called oratio fractionis may also be used 
as a prayer for Thanksgiving on Maundy Thursday, 
especially if the holy Communion is celebrated on 
this day, as is certainly proper. 

<3ooD ffri&ag. 

15. 

A LORD Jesus Christ, who by Thy holy and 
innocent sufferings hast obtained grace with 
Thy Heavenly Father for us poor sinners, and hast 
restored unto us everlasting life : most heartily do 
we thank Thee for Thy bitter sufferings and death 
and for Thy great love and faithfulness therein re- 
vealed. And we beseech Thee, for the sake of Thy 
sufferings and death keep us steadfast in Thy love, 
and through Thy Spirit grant us grace ever to 
praise, honor and magnify Thee for this Thy mercy 
and goodness ; strengthen us in faith, and establish 
and increase us in hope and love. Make us patient 
and obedient, and give us grace to die daily unto 
sin, and to serve Thee, our Savior, in innocence 
and holiness as long as we live. And finally enable 
us to rejoice and comfort ourselves in Thine inno- 
cent death, and to come to everlasting life through 



PRAYERS, Etc. 135 

the merits of the same, Christ, our blessed Lord 
and Savior. Amen. 

16. 

B prater of Gbanfcsgtxnng for tbe Sufferings 
of Gbrist* 

A LORD Jesus Christ, thou holy, precious spot- 
^ less and innocent Lamb of God, that takest 
away the sin of the world, we thank thee for thy 
most holy sufferings and death. Thy soul was 
exceedingly sorrowful, even unto death, because 
our sorrows and iniquities, terrors and diseases were 
laid upon thee. We thank thee for thine anguish 
of heart and soul, for thy bloody sweat and dying 
agony, in which thou didst truly taste death for 
every man. We thank thee for thine agonizing 
prayer and for thy retirement into the garden, 
there to offer thyself to the Father as the willing 
Substitute from us. We thank thee for the bands 
which bound thee, for by them thou didst release 
us from the bands of everlasting death. We thank 
thee for the stripes which thou didst endure for 
our sakes, and for thy scourging, patience and 
humility by which thou didst offer a ransom for 
our disobedience, blindness and hardness of heart. 
We thank thee that thou didst allow thyself to be 
condemned to the awful death on the Cross, so that 
we might not be condemned to everlasting death at 



136 PRAYERS, Ec. 

the last day. We thank thee for the crown of 
thorns which thou didst endure, that we might 
wear the crown of glory. We thank thee that 
thou gavest thyself willingly to the Cross, and 
didst allow thy hands and feet to be nailed to the 
bitter tree. O thou holy Sacrifice, spotless Lamb, 
patient Heart, how my sins have wounded thee ! 
O Sacred Head, how art thou wounded ! O sweet- 
est Countenance, how art thou convulsed ! O Holy 
Ear, what blasphemies must thou hear ! O Blessed 
Hands, how are ye pierced ! O Holy Body, Temple 
of God, how art thou torn and w r ounded ! O God, 
how great is thy wrath against sin, that thou canst 
not spare Thine Only Son ! O Lord Jesus Christ, 
how great is thy love ; thy soul is sorrowful unto 
death, and thy body in unutterable pain ; the pains 
of Hell got hold of thee ! O what can we render 
thee for this thine unspeakable goodness and mercy? 
We thank thee for thy holy wounds in hands, and 
feet, and side, and for the priceless treasure of thy 
precious blood through which we have redemption, 
even the forgiveness of sins. Thou, O God, hast 
once and for all accepted this Sacrifice of thy Son ; 
and wilt not now require it of us. Thy justice has 
been satisfied; thine anger is appeased; and thou 
art our merciful Father, and wilt be angry with us 
no more forever. Graciously receive us therefore, 
and enable us always to partake of the precious 
benefits of the blood of thy dear Son. Amen. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 137 

faster, 
17. 

A LMIGHTY, Everlasting and merciful God and 
Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, exhaustless 
Fountain of mercy; most heartily do we thank thee, 
that thou didst not spare thine Only Son, but gavest 
him to death for our sins, and on the third day didst 
raise him again for our justification. And we thank 
thee also, O most faithful Lord and Savior, that 
thou earnest to take away our guilt and iniquity, 
and by thy precious blood and death didst redeem 
us ; and by thy glorious resurrection didst rob the 
grave of its terror and power, and restore to us 
righteousness, life and salvation. And we beseech 
thee, for the sake of thine infinite mercy, grant us 
grace truly to accept the precious treasures pur- 
chased at so great a cost by thy sufferings and 
death, and by humble penitence and true faith ever 
to rejoice in the same. And, according to thy faith- 
ful promise, gather from the generations of the 
world, and from the inhabitants of this land a 
peculiar people, one holy Christian Church. Send 
faithful laborers into thy harvest, and protect us 
from all false and pernicious doctrine. Keep watch 
over all Christian rule and authority, and guard thy 
servants from all harm and danger. Bless and 
prosper our homes ; deliver us from deceit and 
violence, from sin and shame ; give fruitful seasons 



138 PRAYERS, Etc. 

and abundant harvests ; and endue us with grace 
to fulfil our callings in thy fear ; and finally by the 
power of thy death and resurrection grant us the 
end of our faith, even the salvation of our souls, O 
thou who with the Father and the Holy Ghost 
livest and reignest one God, world without end. 
Amen. 

18. 

T^LESSED Lord Jesus Christ, almighty and vic- 
torious Prince, who didst burst the bands of 
death, and in great majesty and glory rise from the 
grave, and become the first fruits of them that slept; 
on this day of thine exaltation we thank thee for 
thy bitter sufferings, death and ressurrection. Thou 
art our Samson to carry away and destroy the gates 
of Hell, that we might have everlasting freedom. 
With a mighty hand and an outstretched arm hast 
thou delivered us from bondage, and robbed the 
grim monster of his power and prey. Thou art 
risen from the dead, and become the first in the 
long line of those whom thou hast redeemed. As 
members of thy body and sheep of thy pasture, 
we cannot be holden of death, but are free to serve 
thee in holiness of life here and in everlasting 
blessedness hereafter. Wherefore we praise and 
thank thee today, and cry with joyful hearts : 
thanks be to God who giveth us the victory through 
our Eord Jesus Christ. And we beseech thee, com- 



PRAYERS, Etc. 139 

fort us even more with the joys of thy ressurrec- 
tion, and enable us firmly to believe that thou hast 
destroyed sin, death and the power of the Devil. 
And at last permit us to hear thy voice to a glorious 
and blessed resurrection from the dead, when we 
shall come forth to praise thee with new hearts and 
lips, O thou w T ho livest and reignest in unity with 
the Father and the Holy Ghost, God blessed for- 
ever. Amen. 

Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

19. 

f\ IyORD Jesus Christ, we praise and thank thee 
for the great goodness and mercy which moved 
thee to endure for us the bitter pains of the cross. 
Thou art raised again for our justification ; by thy 
death thou hast destroyed death, and by thy rising 
hast brought life and immortality to light. And 
we beseech thee, graciously increase and strengthen 
our faith, that we may firmly believe that thou hast 
overcome death, Hell and all evil, and didst rise to 
enter thy glory whereby we are made partakers of 
the power of thy resurrection. In thy name do we 
receive remission of sin and walk in newness of 
life. In thy name will our bodies rise from the 
earth at the last day, and be clothed with immor- 
tality, incorruption and glory. And before this 
great and notable day, arouse those, O Lord, who 



140 PRAYERS, Etc. 

are dead in trespasses and sin. Quicken them by 
the power of thy holy Word, that they may hear thy 
voice and by true faith arise from their sins. By 
the power of thy ressurrection comfort and relieve 
those who are in any sorrow, tribulation or tempta- 
tion, that they may assuredly believe that thou art 
able to deliver them from all evil and bring them 
into thine everlasting Kingdom, where thou, in 
unity with the Father and Holy Ghost, wilt be 
worshiped and glorified. Amen. 
Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

20. 

T ORD Jesus Christ, everlasting Son of the Father, 
who after thy glorious resurrection didst visit 
and comfort thy sorrowing disciples, in like manner, 
we beseech thee, appear also to us and to thy whole 
Church, and bring us peace and joy. Set our troub- 
bled hearts at rest. Give peace in our times, and 
enable us always to praise thee in thy habitations. 
O Lord, show thy wounds unto us and unto all 
sorrowing souls, that we may at all times withstand 
the enemies of thy cross and rejoice in thy glorious 
resurrection. Grant us thy Holy Spirit, that we 
may die daily unto sin and walk in newness of life. 
And, O blessed Easter Prince, grant that in the day 
of thy revelation our bodies may appear like unto 
thy glorified body. Keep us therefore, we beseech 



PRAYERS, Etc. 141 

thee, in the joys and peace of this Easter. O thou, 
who with the Father and the Holy Ghost, art 
praised and highly exalted forever. Amen. 
Accept also, O Lord, etc. 

Bscenstom 

21. 

A LORD, Almighty God and Father, who this 
day hast made us glad through the glorious 
ascension of thy dear Son, most heartily do we 
thank thee for this joy and consolation. He hath 
entered into his glory, and hath promised that we 
shall follow him. And we beseech thee, enable us 
steadfastly to believe the same, and ever more wor- 
ship and praise thee in the name of thy dear Son, 
our Lord. Hide thy face from our sins, and behold 
us in the face of thine Anointed, whom thou hast 
received, for our joy and consolation, to tlry Right 
Hand. Be gracious unto us, O Lord, and hear our 
cry. Send down thy Spirit, that we also may arise 
and seek those things which are above where Christ 
sitteth. Grant us grace to depart from evil and to 
follow righteousness, to love thee, and in cheerful 
obedience serve thee forever. O Lord, our God, 
enable us, with him, and through him, to ascend 
and rule in everlasting righteousness, innocence 
and blessedness. Amen. 
Accept also, O Lord, etc. 



142 PRAYERS, Etc. 

22. 

T ORD Jesus Christ, Almighty God and Lord, we 
thank thee, that, after thy victory over all thy 
foes, thou didst ascend in great triumph and amid 
the rejoicings of the holy angels to the Right Hand 
of the glorious Majesty. Thy cross and passion 
have now come to a glorious end : through death 
thou hast entered the everlasting glory. Blessed 
Savior, thou art at home, we are still tossed about 
by the waves of this troublesome world ; thou hast 
obtained the victory, we are still in the raging con- 
flict. But do thou grant us grace to follow thee 
with heart and mind, that our hearts may be above, 
where thou art. Enable us to trample all worldly 
lust and affections under our feet, and in humble 
and believing prayer to follow thee into glory. We 
know and are persuaded that thou wilt not leave us 
in this troublesome world forever, but finally when 
our course is ended receive us to thyself. For thou 
hast promised to come again to receive thy disciples 
unto thyself, that they may be where thou art. 
Fulfil, O Lord, this thy gracious promise, and 
hasten the time of our deliverance, for our hearts 
cry out for thee. O how gladly will we leave this 
vale of tears to be with thee in the heavenly Father- 
land. With rejoicing will we lay aside this earthly 
tabernacle, and take our flight to the mansions 
which thou hast gone to prepare, when shall we see 



PRAYERS, Etc. 143 

thy face in righteousness. We are waiting, O Lord. 
But until then, let us serve thee with heavenly 
minds, O thou who art our heart's Joy and Crown, 
blessed forever. Amen. 

TObil>5un&as. 
23. 

TO THE FATHER. 

A IyMIGHTY, everlasting God and Father of our 
IyOrd Jesus Christ, most heartily do we thank 
thee that thou hast this day so graciously revealed 
thyself from Heaven and visibly sent thy Holy 
Spirit to Jerusalem upon the holy apostles, whereby 
thou hast declared that it is thy gracious will 
through the power of thy Word and Spirit to en- 
lighten, gather and sanctify a holy Church on earth. 
And we beseech thee, our Father, in the name of 
thy dear Son, Jesus Christ, our only L,ord and 
Savior, grant that Holy Spirit unto us, that our 
hearts may be renewed, quickened, governed and 
sanctified. Cast us not away from thy presence, 
and take not thy Holy Spirit from us. Comfort us 
with thy help, and let thy free Spirit bring us to 
the knowledge of thy Word and keep us steadfast 
in the faith of the same. Hinder and destroy the 
works of darkness and unbelief, and defend us from 
all false and pernicious doctrine. Endue all who are 
in authority with the same Holy Spirit, that they may 



144 PRAYERS, Etc. 

rule after thy good pleasure ; and grant unto them 
health and prosperity and perpetual victory over 
all thy enemies. Bless and preserve our homes and 
families, that they may have an eye single to thy 
honor and glory, and fulfil their calling in holiness 
and righteousness of life. Enable us all by thy 
Spirit to grow in grace and faith, in wisdom and 
purity, and in hope and love, and finally obtain the 
salvation of our souls. Through Jesus Christ, who, 
in unity with Thee and the Holy Ghost, liveth and 
reigneth, world without end. Amen. 

24 

TO THE SON. 

A LORD Jesus Christ, Everlasting Son of the 
Father, who didst send thy Holy Spirit 
into the hearts of thine Apostles, as thou didst 
promise, to enable them to preach thy Gospel to all 
creatures ; most heartily do we beseech thee, fill us 
also with the gifts of the Spirit, that he may en- 
lighten our minds with a right knowledge of God, 
and cleanse our hearts and wills from all unbelief 
and worldly lusts and desires, so that we may indeed 
do thy holy will and be the temples of the Holy 
Ghost. O Spirit of the living God, only Comforter, 
implant in us faith, hope, patience and love, and a* 
our latter end forsake us not, but go with us from 
this troublesome w T orld into the mansions of light 



PRAYERS, Etc. 145 

in the heavenly Fatherland; who, with the Father 
and the Son, livest and reignest, one God, forever 
and ever. Amen. 

Accept also, O L,ord, etc. 

25. 

TO THE HOLY GHOST. 

f\ GOD, Holy Ghost, Spirit of wisdom, understand- 
ing, counsel, might, and of the knowledge and 
fear of the L,ord, Thou Comforter of the sorrowing, 
Guide of the erring, Teacher of the simple, and 
Strength of the w 7 eak and trembling souls : we 
praise, honor and glorify thee as one God with the 
Father and the Son ; and most heartily do we thank 
thee that in these evil times thou enlightenest thy 
Church and workest in us through thy holy Word 
and blessed Sacraments and keepest us from de- 
spairing of the divine mercy and favor. And w 7 e 
beseech thee, of thy great goodness, quicken and 
set aglow 7 our cold and indifferent hearts, enlighten 
our minds and understandings, lead us into all 
truth, bless and sanctify our bodies and our spirits, 
grant us devout hearts in prayer, and comfort us in 
all our sorrow and tribulation. So preserve us, that 
our faith fail not, our love diminish not, our hope 
vanish not, and our hearts despair not ; but at all 
times enable us to resist all evil and temptation, 
and with steadfast hope serve and praise thee unto 



146 PRAYERS, Etc. 

the end. And especially do thou cause us to dwell 
in union with thee and Jesus Christ, so that Satan 
may not at all harm us, though he incessantly 
attack and tempt us. Preserve thou us from this 
old bitter foe, and enable us rightly to use thy 
Word, so that we may fight valiantly against all 
evil. At the latter day be thou our Strength, and 
comfort our souls wearied by the long conflict, and 
make intercession for us in groanings that cannot 
be uttered, so that we depart in great joy from this 
vale of tears into the Fatherland above. Amen. 

ffor tbe festival of tbc Grtnttg. 

26. 

A LMIGHTY, everlasting, merciful God and Fa- 
ther of our Lord Jesus Christ, who, with thy 
Son and the Holy Ghost, hast made and dost still 
preserve heaven and earth, all the holy angels and 
the whole race of man, together with all other 
creatures, and who, of thy great goodness hast 
revealed thyself unto mankind in thy holy Word as 
the one eternal God in Three Persons of the same 
Essence, Power and Glory : Thee, O God the 
Father, Son and Holy Ghost, Holy and Ever. 
Blessed Trinity, we worship and adore, and in true 
faith praise and acknowledge thee, honor and mag- 
nify thy Holy Name now and forever; and by our 
believing prayer and humble confession we would 



PRAYERS, Etc. 147 

separate ourselves from the great number of those 
who do not confess and acknowledge thee as the 
glorious Trinity in Unity and Unity in Trinity, but 
make unto themselves gods of their own devising 
whereby they dishonor and blaspheme thy most 
holy Name. 

O Everlasting Father, who from eternity hast be- 
gotten Thy Son, and through Him ordained and es- 
tablished our salvation, and sent Him to be the only 
Mediator and Savior of mankind ; we beseecn thee, 
be merciful unto us and spare us, forgive us all our 
sin, and from all the nations of the earth gather 
and establish one holy Christian Church, and from 
among us raise thou up a seed unto thy Name. 

Graciously and mercifully regard all who are in 
authority, etc. 

O Thou Eternal Son of the Father, the express 
image of His Person and the brightness of His 
Glory, who, of thine infinite love, didst take upon 
thee our nature and in the same offer a sacrifice for 
our sins : we praise and thank thee for thy goodness 
and faithfulness, and humbly confess that we are far 
too frail and weak worthily to praise thee. O 
Blessed L,ord and Savior, have mercy upon us, and 
through thy precious blood redeem us from all our 
sins. Keep us in the faith of thy Word and in the 
right use of the holy Sacraments. Preserve us 
from false and pernicious doctrine. Hinder and 
bring to naught the purposes of the enemies of thy 



148 PRAYERS, Etc. 

Word, so that they may have no power over us to 
lead us into destruction. Protect and defend Thy 
Church, and grant us unity of faith, patience in trial 
and a happy issue out of all our afflictions, and 
finally bring us into the Kingdom of thy majesty 
and glory. 

O God the Holy Ghost, who proceedest from the 
Father and the Son, renew and sanctify our hearts, 
enlighten the darkness of our minds and beget in 
us a saving faith. Lead us into all truth, govern 
and sanctify us by thy Word, and keep us in the 
same unto the end, that we may be overcome by no 
evil or temptation. 

O Merciful, Blessed God, Father, Son and Holy 
Ghost, Holy and Exalted Trinity, grant us thy grace 
truly to believe, righteously to live and happily to 
die, so that after this wearisome life we may enter 
the joyous fellowship of the holy angels and thine 
elect, see thee face to face, and love, praise and 
serve thee forever and ever. Amen. 

27. 

The Athanasian Creed may also be used in the 
celebration of the Festival of the Holy Trinity. 

Visitation. 

•28. 

THE MAGNIFICAT. 



PRAYERS, Etc. 149 

•Reformation. 
29. 

ATERCIFUL God and Everlasting Father of our 
Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, who in the ful- 
ness of the times didst send forth thine only be- 
gotten Son, who hath declared unto us whatsoever 
He saw and heard in thy bosom : most heartily do 
we praise and thank thee, that thou hast rekindled 
among us the light of thy holy Word, and graciously 
delivered us from the Babylonian Captivity of the 
Papacy, and maintained that work done years ago 
by thine elect servant Martin Luther. In spite 
of the wrath and temptations of the Devil thou hast 
preserved Church and School, given power to thy 
Word, and granted faithful teachers and ministers 
to thy Congregations. And we acknowledge and 
confess that we are not worthj' to receive such man- 
ifestations of thy mercy and goodness, but rather 
deserve thy judgment and condemnation and on 
account of our indifference, sins and hypocrites to be 
left without the light of thy holy Word. But we be- 
seech thee of thine mercy, deal not with us after 
our sins nor reward us according to our iniquities. 
Abide with us, O Lord, for it is toward evening. 
Keep us and our posterity in the faith of Thy Word 
and in the right use of the holy Sacraments. Sanc- 
tify thy Church in our midst; further and advance 
thy Kingdom ; glorify Thy Name; put down Satan 



150 



PRAYERS, Etc. 



under our feet, and destroy the Son of perdition by 
the brightness of thine appearance. Preserve us 
from all false teachers, hypocrites and enemies of 
Thy Word who seek to overthrow thy Church pur- 
chased at so great a cost by thy dear Son, Jesus 
Christ our Lord ; but at all times send us faithful 
ministers and teachers who shall lead us into the 
knowledge and confession of the heavenly mysteries, 
and finally into the glorious righteousness of thine 
everlasting Kingdom. Amen. 



APPENDIX. 
Gbe Xtturgtcal JBieviaxy. 

For the afternoon of high Festivals the so-called Litur- 
gical Breviary has been proposed. The proposition took its 
rise in the feeling that, for the celebration of the various 
Festivals, there is not sufficient provision for the purely 
sacrificial acts of worship, such as prayer and praise. The 
arrangement of proper forms for such services is, however, 
exceedingly difficult ; they must be arranged, like all other 
services, with regard to the character of the day, and must 
have their own plan of inner unity and harmony. The 
easiest, and at the same time the most rational way of over- 
coming this difficulty is found in modeling the Breviary 
after the ancient Vesper forms. In this way there is ob- 
tained not only a harmonious continuity, but also a refresh- 
ing variety in the Orders of public worship. The chief ad- 
vantage of this arrangement is the opportunity to restore 
the Psalmody to its proper place in Festival worship. To 
chant the Psalms is not difficult; a choir of moderate ability 
can readily lead the congregation. For hymn singing there 
is abundant provision, inasmuch as in nearly all cases hymns 
or hymn verses must be used as responsories after the various 
lessons. But in order to preserve the Vesper character of 
the service, the Hymn has been retained as the third order 
in the Breviary. Moreover the worshiping congregation 
needs more than a series of hymn verses sung as responso- 
ries; there must be a hymn embodying the character of the 
day, by means of which the people express their festal 
joys. — In addition to song, prayer is a necessary part of 

151 



152 APPENDIX. 

public worship. In several of the following forms the Te 
Deum is appointed as the festal prayer. I am indeed well 
aware that the Te Deum as such, belongs properly to the 
Matins. But as long as there is no special Order of Matins 
for high festivals, and as long as the Te Deum is not used in 
the Communion, it is permissible to transfer it to the after- 
noon. The Magnificat is the Canticle for Vespers; but it 
needs only a thought to show that this is inappropriate for 
Easter or Whit-Sunday, and the Te Deum is far more fitt- 
ing. When used in the following Orders, the Te Deum is 
usually said, because its devotional spirit shows to better 
advantage in this way. — Anthems or songs by the choir 
alone are not a necessary part of worship. They may indeed 
serve to edification, but often their effect is to the contrary. 
Indeed, where it is custom to sing anthems, the selection of 
them ought to be left in the hands of some competent 
authority, so that worship, as well as art, may be promoted 
by this part of the sendee. — It may seem out of order to pro- 
vide for an Address in the Breviary. But this part is not 
obligatory. Only in places where there is not sufficient 
opportunity in the other services to enforce aud apply the 
lessons of the Festival is it to be used at all in this connec- 
tion. And whenever such address is made, it should be 
pointed and brief, and entirely in harmony with the charac- 
ter of the day. — The Liturgical Breviary is added to Loehe's 
Liturgy to furnish a variety in the Orders of sen-ice for 
Festivals; and it is to be hoped that pastors will avail them- 
selves of these Orders to obtain a trulv devotional celebra- 



tion, altogether a 


foretaste of that in Heaven. 


Revelation 4 


and 5. 


The Publisher. 












Gbristmas. 








Towi 


ird the end of 


a hvmn the minister come 


s to the 


altar, 


and with 


the congregation chants antiphonally : — 








P. 


O Lord, 


open thou my lips. 








R. 


And my 


mouth shall show 


forth 


thy 


praise. 



APPENDIX. 153 

P. Let the words of my mouth and the medita- 
tions of my heart be acceptable in thy sight. 

R. O Lord, my strength and my redeemer. 

P. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and 
to the Holy Ghost, 

R. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
shall be, world without end. Amen. Hallelujah. 

XLbc psalmo&g* 

One or more of the following Psalms is then chanted: 2, 19, 45, 48, 72, 
8 5> 89, 96, 98, no, in, 132. 
Each Psalm is concluded with the minor Gloria. 

Gbe Xeesotu 

Isaiah, 9: 1—6, or Isaiah 40: 1—8. 

P. O Lord, have mercy upon us. 
R. Thanks be to thee, O God. 

A responsory is then sung. A vtrse of a hymn may be used. 

Luke 2: 1 — 14, or John 1: 1 — 14. 

Repetition of versicle, and another responsory. 

Titus 2: n — 14, or Hebrews 1. 

Same as in former lessons. 

(Gbe Bfc&res5.) 

Zbc 1b£mn. 

©ration* 

P. Let my prayer be set forth before thee as 
incense. 

R. And the lifting up of my hands as the even- 
ing sacrifice. 

Then the MAGNIFICAT is sung or said, followed by a versicle:— 



154 APPENDIX. 

P. Unto us a Child is born. Hallelujah. 
R. To us a Son is given. Hallelujah. 

Ik^rie. Xorfc'6 prater. 

P. Lord, hear my prayer. 

R. And let ray cry come unto thee. 

P. The Lord be with yon 

R. And with thy spirit. 

P. Let us pray. (Here follows one or more col- 
lects, the first de tempore. ) 
P. The Lord be with you. 
R. And with thy spirit. 
P. Bless we the Lord. 
R. Thanks be to God. 

£be JScncMction. 
GOOD FRIDAY. 

The service begins with the PSALMODY. One or more of the 
following Psalms may be used: 143. 

(The Gloria is omitted.) 

Gbe Xesscn. 

John iS: 1— 17. 

P. O Lord, etc., and responsory after each lesson. 

John iS: 2S — 40. 

John 19: 1 — 16 

John 19: 17 — 30. 

John 19; 31 — \2. 

f>tttmt, 

©ration. 

The Bidding or Diaconal Prayer is most suitable here. 
Conclusion is the same in each. 



APPENDIX. 1 55 

EASTER. 

The service begins, with a hymn, during which the minister comes 
to the altar, and, the hymn being ended, chants antiphonally with the 
congregation : 

P. O Lord, open thou my lips. 

R. And my mouth shall show forth thy praise. 

P. Let the words of my mouth and the medita- 
tions of my heart be acceptable in th}^ sight. 

R. O Lord, my Strength and my Redeemer. 

P. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and 
to the Holy Ghost ; 

P. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
shall be, world without end. Amen. Hallelujah ! 

Zbc ipealmo&g* 

One or more of the following Psalms is chanted with antiphon and 
minor Gloria: 2, 3, 4, 16, 27, 30, no, 118. 

Gbe %eseon. 

Jonah 2, or Hosea 5: 15 — 6: 2. 

O Lord, etc., together with responsory. 

Mark 16: 1 — 8, or John 20: 19 — 23. 

Lord, etc.. together with responsory. 

1 Cor. 15: 51—57, or Col. 3: 1—4. 

O Lord, etc., together with responsory. 

(Zbe S&Dress.) 

Ibymrx. 

©ration. 

P. Let my prayer be set forth before thee as in- 
cense. 



156 APPENDIX. 

R And the lifting up of my hands as the even- 
ing sacrifice. 

P. To-day arose our glorious Head. Hallelujah. 
R. Who suffered death for us. Hallelujah. 

The Te Deitm is then said alternately by minister and people. 

IkErte. Xorfc's prater. Salutation. Collects. Sal* 
utatton. JSenefcicamus. JBene&ictto. 

WHITSUNDAY. 

During an organ prelude the minister comes to the altar, and chants 
as follows: — 

P. Hallelujah. The Spirit of the Lord filleth 
the whole earth. 

R. O come, let us worship. 

P. O come, let us make a joyful noise unto the 
Lord. 

R. Let us sing unto the rock of our salvation. 

P. Let us come before his presence w T ith thanks- 
giving. 

R. And make a joyful noise unto him with 
psalms. 

P. This is the day the Lord hath made. 

R. Let us rejoice and be glad in it. 

/>. O Lord, arise. 

R. And be our help. 

P. Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the 
Lord. 

i?. Blessed are the people that dwell in thy 
house. 



APPENDIX. 157 

Cbe iPsalmo&E* 

One or more of the following may be used: 48, 68, 87, 104, 145. 

£be Xesaon. 

The versicle is repeated after each, and a responsory sung. 
Joel 3: 1 — 5, or Ezekiel 36: 25 — 28. 
John 14: 16 — 21, or Acts 2: 1— 13. 
Romans 8: 15—27, or Titus 3: 3—7, 

(Gbe H&Dre$6.) 
f)Etnn. 
©ration* 

tyeteiCle. ZC 2>eum, alternately. 

P. Lord, teach me thy commandments. Halle- 
lujah. 

R. And let thy Spirit lead me in right paths. 
Hallelujah. 

IKsrfe. Xorfc'5 prater. 

Conclusion same as in preceding. 



THE END. 



t 



S° 902 



MAR 10 1902 

1 COPY DEI 

1902 



MAR 17 1902 



